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GLP-1 receptor agonists, like Dulaglutide, Liraglutide, and Semaglutide, have potential benefits beyond the pancreas, including neuroprotection, pain suppression, cardiovascular protection, obesity management, and cancer treatment, but there are concerns about pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer risks.

Testosterone replacement can help women with low libido and mood, but they need to have enough estrogen first to avoid side effects.

New treatments are needed for PCOS that target its genetic, hormonal, and metabolic causes.

Treating non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia is complex because the benefits of hormone treatment must be weighed against potential health risks.

Testosterone and its metabolites have varied effects on different body systems, especially during puberty.

Substances from fat-derived stem cells can promote hair growth and counteract hormone-related hair loss by activating a key hair growth pathway.

COVID-19 may harm male reproductive health and lower testosterone levels, potentially affecting fertility and causing erectile dysfunction. More research is needed.

Androgens and androgen receptors are important for metabolic health, affecting how the body uses glucose and fats through mitochondrial function.

Men with Type 2 Diabetes have lower DHT levels, which may affect fertility and lipid profiles.

Antioxidants may help improve mitochondrial health and could be used to treat diseases related to cell damage.

New steroidal compounds could be effective for treating conditions related to 5α-reductase enzyme activity.

The study found no significant difference in stress hormone levels between people with alopecia areata and healthy individuals, suggesting that the disease is not caused by an overactive stress response system.

People with alopecia areata often have lower vitamin D levels than healthy people.

The chapter explains the causes of excessive hair growth and masculinization in women and how to measure hormone levels related to these conditions.

Women with acromegaly often have irregular periods due to hormone imbalances and growth hormone effects.

Vitamin D deficiency is common in women with PCOS and linked to some metabolic problems, but not the main cause of their metabolic issues.

Patients with alopecia areata may have lower vitamin D levels than healthy people.

Testing basal 17-HP levels is a good way to screen for nonclassic adrenal hyperplasia in women with high androgen levels.

Men generally have more severe COVID-19 cases and higher death rates than women due to biological differences.

Certain genetic variations in the SHBG gene are linked to an increased or decreased risk of PCOS in Mediterranean women.

Finasteride doesn't affect erections much, but may decrease libido in men.

Sex hormones, especially estradiol, can change chicken feather shapes and colors.

Diagnosing sex development disorders requires combining medical history, physical exams, imaging, lab tests, and genetic data.

The enzyme steroid sulfatase is linked to breast cancer and other conditions, and inhibitors are being developed for treatment.

Certain mutations in the H6PD gene cause Cortisone Reductase Deficiency by affecting hormone production.

S5αR inhibitors might help treat schizophrenia and other mental disorders but need more research.

Some hair loss and prostate drugs might increase the risk of diabetes and heart disease.

The structure of SRD5A reveals how it reduces steroids, aiding drug design for related health conditions.

Changing neuroactive steroids in baby male rats affects their memory and learning differently as they grow up.