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Estrogens and SERMs can help with skin aging, but their safety and effectiveness need more research.

Dermal papilla cells help wounds heal better and can potentially grow new hair.

Children with scalp fungal infections need proper diagnosis and treatment, usually with antifungal medications, and newer drugs may offer quicker recovery.

Hair casts are often mistaken for head lice, scalp pain in hair loss is linked to certain nerve factors, eyelash growth treatment is safe and effective, and nail shedding in children may follow hand-foot-mouth disease.

Auto-portraits help evaluate scalp hair.

Rosacea is a skin condition with unclear causes, classified into four subtypes.

Trichoscopy and trichogram are useful for diagnosing hair and scalp conditions.

Higher levels of certain nerve-related proteins are linked to hair loss in women with scalp pain.

Human skin xenografting could improve our understanding of skin development, renewal, and healing.

Some drugs can cause reversible hair loss, but certain chemotherapy drugs may lead to permanent hair loss; drugs can also change hair color and texture.

A device was made in 2008 to measure hair loss severity. Other findings include: frizzy mutation in mice isn't related to Fgfr2, C/EBPx marks preadipocytes, Cyclosporin A speeds up hair growth in mice, blocking plasmin and metalloproteinases hinders healing, hyperbaric oxygen helps ischemic wound healing, amniotic membranes heal wounds better than polyurethane foam, rhVEGF165 from a fibrin matrix improves tissue flap viability and induces VEGF-R2 expression, and bFGF enhances wound healing and reduces scarring in rabbits.

The study found that the enzyme linked to acne is present in the same areas of both acne-affected and normal skin.

Researchers created a lab model to study human hair growth, showing it can grow and self-regulate outside the body.

Microspheres about 1.5 micrometers in size can best penetrate hair follicles, potentially reaching important stem cells.

T-cells in alopecia areata scalp show abnormal regulation, leading to less inflammation.

Improved understanding of stem cell mechanisms can enhance skin tissue engineering.

Human skin can be reconnected to nerves using stem cells, which may help with skin health and healing.

Telogen Effluvium is a hair loss condition where treatment involves identifying and managing its triggers.

Human skin has less GDNF and its receptor with age.

Follicular Unit Extraction (FUE) is a hair transplant method with less scarring and discomfort but requires skilled surgeons and has limitations on graft numbers per session.

Topical oligonucleotide therapy targets hair follicles effectively.

The chapter explains common scalp conditions, including infections, infestations, and tumors.

Sorafenib may cause hair loss in a way similar to alopecia areata.

The guide helps clinicians diagnose and manage hair loss, detailing examination techniques and treatments for different types of alopecia.

The document concludes that diagnosing and treating hair loss is complex and requires understanding its psychological effects and underlying causes, while also calling for more research and new treatments.

The document concludes that more research is needed to understand excessive hair growth in women with normal hormone levels and regular ovulation.

Certain diseases like AIDS and lupus can make African hair become silky.

Changes in the SREBF1 gene cause a rare genetic skin and hair disorder.

μ-opiate receptors in skin cells may affect skin health and healing.

A patient with PPP had rare skin reactions to adalimumab, which improved after stopping smoking and continuing acitretin.