September 2013 in “Hair transplant forum international” This abstract describes frontal fibrosing alopecia, a type of cicatricial alopecia identified in post-menopausal women, and reports no new clinical findings.
451 citations
,
March 2005 in “Endocrine Reviews” This paper discusses the role of steroid sulfatase in hormone-dependent tumors and highlights the development of potent inhibitors, noting the commencement of a phase I trial for one inhibitor in postmenopausal breast cancer patients.
165 citations
,
December 2002 in “Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology” This study found that finasteride improves scalp hair growth in men with male pattern hair loss by reducing scalp dihydrotestosterone levels, but it did not benefit postmenopausal women with female pattern hair loss.
123 citations
,
August 2005 in “Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” In this study, the researchers observed that treatment with intralesional and topical corticosteroids, finasteride, and minoxidil may stop the progression of frontal fibrosing alopecia in postmenopausal and premenopausal women.
20 citations
,
June 2024 in “Journal of Autoimmunity” This study found that in rheumatoid arthritis patients, inflammatory macrophages activate steroid metabolism to increase glucocorticoid and androgen production, which helps suppress inflammation and attenuate hyperproliferation in synovial fibroblasts, with notable disturbances seen in postmenopausal women due to diminished inactive steroid precursors.
15 citations
,
January 2002 in “Gynecological endocrinology” This review discusses the extragenital effects of ovarian steroids, particularly focusing on aesthetic endocrinology, which suggests estrogens may slow skin aging post-menopause, though hair loss treatment efficacy is mainly confirmed for minoxidil.
13 citations
,
December 2012 in “Frontiers in bioscience” This review discusses the potential role of vitamin D deficiency in cardiovascular and renal diseases and suggests that supplemental vitamin D could benefit cardiovascular outcomes, especially in African American and postmenopausal women; it reports no new clinical findings.
13 citations
,
May 2007 in “Journal of Endocrinology” This study found that A-ring reduced derivatives of norethisterone and levonorgestrel exhibit estrogen-like potency in rat osteoblasts, suggesting a mechanism for 19-norprogestins' bone restoration effects in postmenopausal women.
13 citations
,
August 1980 in “Cancer” This study found that administering chemotherapy to premenopausal women with Stage II breast cancer significantly improved disease-free intervals and increased survival, while postmenopausal women receiving sufficient doses also saw prolonged disease-free periods.
12 citations
,
July 2020 in “Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas” This study found that facial papules and rosacea in patients with frontal fibrosing alopecia were linked to a greater need for oral treatment, with most cases involving postmenopausal women.
10 citations
,
April 2018 in “Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas” This study describes the prescribing habits of Spanish dermatologists, highlighting that topical minoxidil and oral finasteride are the most common treatments for male AGA and postmenopausal female AGA.
8 citations
,
April 2022 in “Nutrients” In this study, Ishige sinicola extract was observed to improve bone density and structure in an animal model of estrogen deficiency-induced osteoporosis, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic option for postmenopausal osteoporosis by inhibiting osteoclast formation without cytotoxic effects.
7 citations
,
January 2019 in “Journal of clinical medicine research” This study found that menopausal status and hormone therapy significantly affect the histology and gene expression of the introitus, with post-menopausal women showing notable tissue remodeling associated with vaginal atrophy.
6 citations
,
June 1983 in “Cancer” This study found that a chemotherapy regimen combining CMFVP and ACP treatments for unresectable metastatic breast cancer yielded a 66.7% overall response rate, with premenopausal women responding more favorably than postmenopausal women.
4 citations
,
May 2024 in “Steroids” This study developed and validated a comprehensive method using mass spectrometry to profile sex (pro)hormones in plasma, with results showing reliable calibration and detection of 31 analytes in samples from pre- and postmenopausal women and men, while addressing potential over- or underestimations in analyte concentrations.
3 citations
,
September 2021 in “JAAD case reports” This review discusses the increased autoimmune events associated with the use of denosumab, a biologic agent for managing postmenopausal osteoporosis and skeletal complications from malignancy, but reports no new data.
2 citations
,
August 2025 in “JAAD reviews.” This review discusses frontal fibrosing alopecia in males and reports no new clinical results, indicating a broader demographic affected by this inflammatory disorder beyond postmenopausal women.
2 citations
,
November 2019 in “Case reports in women's health” In this study, two women with hyperandrogenic symptoms were found to have ovarian Leydig cell tumors after selective ovarian venous sampling and salpingo-oophorectomy, leading to a decline in testosterone levels post-surgery.
2 citations
,
January 2016 in “Dermatology online journal” This case report describes a 46-year-old man diagnosed with frontal fibrosing alopecia, a condition primarily affecting postmenopausal women, highlighting its rare occurrence in men.
2 citations
,
December 2013 in “Cancer Research” This study found that scalp cooling did not entirely prevent permanent chemotherapy-induced alopecia in breast cancer patients, with a significant risk observed among postmenopausal women undergoing anthracycline and taxane-based chemotherapy.
2 citations
,
December 2013 in “Cancer research” In this study, GTx-027, a selective androgen receptor modulator, significantly inhibited tumor growth in certain breast cancer models and showed good tolerance in a Phase II trial with postmenopausal women.
1 citations
,
October 2023 in “International Journal of Ayurvedic Medicine” This article discusses the potential benefits of decade-wise Rasayana therapy in enhancing female reproductive health by addressing various life stages, from pre-menarche to post-menopause, and draws from traditional and contemporary sources to conceptualize its importance.
1 citations
,
January 2019 in “Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology” In this study, a gel containing extracts from Coffea arabica and Larrea divaricata was found to significantly thicken eyebrows and eyelashes in most premenopausal and postmenopausal women, without causing adverse effects, but showed no statistical difference from a placebo in overall hair growth.
1 citations
,
October 2012 in “Gynäkologische Endokrinologie” This review discusses androgenization symptoms like hirsutism, alopecia, and acne in reproductive-age women, focusing on diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, and highlights postmenopausal considerations, but presents no new clinical findings.
December 2025 in “IntechOpen eBooks” This source critically examines the limitations of using BMI to assess obesity in women, especially during reproductive, pregnancy, and postmenopausal stages, and discusses more precise alternative methods for evaluating obesity in line with sex-specific healthcare needs.
October 2025 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” This research review observed that topical hormone replacement therapy, particularly estradiol and estradiol-testosterone combinations, significantly increased Type I and III collagen synthesis in the skin of postmenopausal women, suggesting benefits against collagen loss-related skin aging effects such as reduced elasticity and increased dryness.
September 2025 in “International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Social Science” This study reviewed aesthetic gynecology procedures, reporting that most are safe, well tolerated, and yield high patient satisfaction, particularly for postmenopausal and postpartum women. However, the study highlights the need for standardized protocols and long-term data.
September 2025 in “Dermatology and Therapy” This pilot study found that using skin patting with iontophoresis to deliver dutasteride gel significantly improved hair density, shaft diameter, and pull test scores in men and postmenopausal women with treatment-resistant androgenetic alopecia, with participants reporting high satisfaction and no adverse events.
January 2025 in “Archivio istituzionale della ricerca (Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna)” This pilot study found that using skin patting and iontophoresis to deliver a 6% dutasteride gel led to significant improvements in hair density and shaft diameter in men and postmenopausal women with treatment-resistant androgenetic alopecia, with no reported adverse events.
January 2024 in “Revista Dermatológica Centro Uraga” This report describes two male patients with frontal fibrosing alopecia, a lymphocytic scarring hair loss condition often seen in postmenopausal women, highlighting its occurrence in men and its manifestation around the frontal hairline and other body areas.