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    Glossary Pharmacogenetics

    study of how genes affect individual responses to medications

    Pharmacogenetics is the study of how an individual's genetic makeup affects their response to drugs. This field aims to tailor medical treatments to each person’s genetic profile, enhancing drug efficacy and minimizing adverse effects. It is also known as pharmacogenomics, and involves testing specific genes to predict how a patient will respond to certain medications.

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    1. Pharmacogenetic analysis of human steroid 5α reductase type II: comparison of finasteride and dutasteride Journal of Molecular Endocrinology · 2005 · 26 citations
    2. Pharmacogenetics of the Androgen Metabolic Pathway 2010
    3. The role of candidate pharmacogenetic variants in determining valproic acid efficacy, toxicity and concentrations in patients with epilepsy Frontiers in Pharmacology · 2024
    4. The efficacy and safety of valproic acid medications with controlled active ingredient release in adults in real clinical practice from the position of pharmacokinetic and pharmacogenetic approaches Nevrologiâ, nejropsihiatriâ, psihosomatika · 2017 · 5 citations
    5. Pharmacogenetic Determinants of Valproic Acid Efficacy, Toxicity, and Serum Levels in Genetic Generalized Epilepsy Specialty journal of Pharmacognosy Phytochemistry and Biotechnology · 2024
    6. Pharmacokinetics, toxicity, and activity of intravenous dextran sulfate in human immunodeficiency virus infection Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · 1991 · 142 citations
    7. ORIGINAL RESEARCH—ENDOCRINOLOGY: Comparison of the Steady‐State Pharmacokinetics, Metabolism, and Variability of a Transdermal Testosterone Patch Versus a Transdermal Testosterone Gel in Hypogonadal Men ˜The œjournal of sexual medicine · 2005 · 38 citations
    8. The effect of St. John’s wort on the pharmacokinetics, metabolism and biliary excretion of finasteride and its metabolites in healthy men European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences · 2008 · 33 citations
    9. Pharmacokinetics of a new testosterone transdermal delivery system, TDS<sup>®</sup>‐testosterone in healthy males British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology · 2005 · 33 citations
    10. The Pharmacokinetics of 2.5- to 10-mg Oral Doses of Minoxidil in Healthy Volunteers The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology · 1989 · 25 citations
    11. Pharmacokinetics of a transdermal testosterone cream in healthy postmenopausal women Menopause · 2014 · 18 citations
    12. Saturable Binding of Finasteride to Steroid 5α-reductase as Determinant of Nonlinear Pharmacokinetics Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics · 2010 · 16 citations
    13. Simultaneous Determination of Quercitrin, Afzelin, Amentoflavone, Hinokiflavone in Rat Plasma by UFLC–MS-MS and Its Application to the Pharmacokinetics of Platycladus orientalis Leaves Extract Journal of Chromatographic Science · 2018 · 15 citations
    14. Effect of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus on the Pharmacokinetics of Metformin in Obese Pregnant Women Clinical Pharmacokinectics · 2012 · 10 citations
    15. Sublingual tofacitinib for alopecia areata: a roll‐over pilot clinical trial and analysis of pharmacokinetics International Journal of Dermatology · 2021 · 9 citations
    16. Pharmacokinetics of Modified Slow-Release Oral Testosterone Over 9 Days in Normal Men With Experimental Hypogonadism International Journal of Andrology · 2012 · 7 citations
    17. Pharmacokinetics of 2 Novel Formulations of Modified-Release Oral Testosterone Alone and With Finasteride in Normal Men With Experimental Hypogonadism International Journal of Andrology · 2010 · 6 citations
    18. Monoclonal Antibody Against Prolactin Receptor: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Study Evaluating Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of Repeated Subcutaneous Administrations in Postmenopausal Women Reproductive Sciences · 2018 · 3 citations
    19. Unlocking Dithranol’s Potential: Advanced Drug Delivery Systems for Improved Pharmacokinetics International Journal of Drug Delivery Technology · 2024 · 2 citations
    20. Finasteride Quantification in Human Plasma by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Electrospray Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Application to a Comparative Pharmacokinetics Study Drug research · 2015 · 1 citations
    21. Pharmacokinetics and Bioequivalence of Finasteride Tablets in Healthy Subjects Zhongguo yaoke daxue xuebao · 2003 · 1 citations
    22. Pharmacokinetics of Finasteride in the Elderly Volunteers. Yakubutsu dōtai · 1995 · 1 citations
    23. Pharmacokinetics and Safety of 1 mg Oral Minoxidil Tablets in Healthy Female Volunteers: A Phase I Randomized Crossover Clinical Trial JEADV Clinical Practice · 2026
    24. Simultaneous Target-Mediated Drug Disposition-Pharmacodynamic (TMDD-PD) Modeling of Finasteride and Dutasteride: Impact of Target Binding and Turnover on Non-linear Pharmacokinetics The AAPS Journal · 2025
    25. The Pharmacokinetics of Topical Finasteride 0.25% Spray in Chinese Adult Male Volunteers with Androgenic Alopecia: A Phase I Study Advances in Therapy · 2025
    26. Simultaneous Determination of Three Flavonoids in Rat Plasma of Masson Pinus Needles (<i>Pinus massoniana L.</i>) Extracts by UHPLC-MS/MS and Application to Pharmacokinetics Studies after Oral and Transdermal Administration Journal of Chromatographic Science · 2023
    27. Tapinarof cream for atopic dermatitis: Pharmacokinetics, systemic exposure, and preliminary efficacy/safety results Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology · 2017
    28. Pharmacokinetics of two different formulations of finasteride (topical and oral) in male volunteers with androgeneic alopecia 2013
    29. Pharmacokinetics of Modified Slow-Release Oral Testosterone over 10 Days in Normal Men with Experimental Hypogonadism 2011
    30. The effect of St John's Wort on the pharmacokinetics and metabolism of finasteride in healthy men 2008