In this review of permanent hairstyles like perms, the authors discuss the chemical processes involved and highlight potential risks such as hair and scalp damage, emphasizing the need for careful client assessment and safe application techniques to mitigate these risks.
August 2021 in “Han'gug miyong haghoeji/Journal of the Korean society of cosmetology” This study found that using natural polyphenol cross-linkers like tannic acid and green tea extract during perm treatments improved perming efficiency, wave maintenance, and hair protection compared to a control group.
June 2008 in “Springer eBooks” The document concludes that permanent hair loss conditions are complex, require early specific treatments, and "secondary permanent alopecias" might be a more accurate term than "secondary cicatricial alopecia."
June 2026 in “EJC Paediatric Oncology” In this retrospective study on pediatric craniospinal irradiation, researchers found that permanent radiation-induced alopecia occurred in 45.8% of patients, with higher radiation doses and treatment intensity being significant predictors, suggesting that defined dosimetric thresholds can support scalp-sparing planning.
This review discusses how permanent micropigmentation can restore eyebrow appearance and potentially improve psychosocial well-being in cancer survivors experiencing alopecia after chemotherapy, but it reports no new clinical results.
February 2026 in “Journal of the Korean Society of Cosmetology” This study found that the viscosity of silicone oil in hair treatments significantly affects wave curling performance and hair damage, with untreated and chemically treated hair showing different optimal viscosities.
November 2025 in “Universal library of medical and health sciences.” This review highlights that while permanent eyebrow correction via micropigmentation may help restore visual appearance for patients experiencing eyebrow loss post-chemotherapy, the psychoemotional benefits of this procedure remain unclear, demonstrating a need for further research into its impact on quality of life.
October 2025 in “Transplantation” This study found that finasteride delivered through dissolving microneedles enhanced skin drug permeation compared to films, suggesting potential for improved androgenetic alopecia treatment with fewer side effects.
February 2025 in “Pediatric Dermatology” This study suggests that permanent chemotherapy-induced alopecia can occur in pediatric patients with Ewing's sarcoma and that treatments like minoxidil could be beneficial, though may not lead to full hair regrowth.
October 2024 in “Věda a perspektivy” This study found that permanent makeup, or micropigmentation, effectively masks post-surgical cleft lip scars and corrects lip asymmetry, providing aesthetic and psychological benefits such as improved self-esteem and reduced social anxiety, contributing to better social integration for patients.
October 2024 in “Journal of Cutaneous Immunology and Allergy” This case report describes a successful treatment of sarcoidal foreign body reactions caused by permanent makeup ink with local steroid injections, while also identifying the involvement of M2 macrophages in the reaction.
October 2024 in “International Journal of Pharmaceutics” This study aimed to develop a new transdermal patch for treating androgenetic alopecia using finasteride, combined with chemical permeation enhancers to improve drug delivery through the skin, but results of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics evaluations are not reported.
September 2024 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” In this study, researchers observed that complications from non-resorbable fillers have decreased, whereas those from resorbable hyaluronic acid fillers have increased in recent years, with non-resorbable fillers still being the most common cause of complications.
September 2024 in “Journal of Clinical Medicine” Permanent makeup can cause delayed allergic reactions, but they can be managed with proper treatment.
September 2024 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” This review discusses the limited evidence on the efficacy of platelet-rich plasma for treating endocrine therapy-induced and permanent chemotherapy-induced alopecia and reports no new clinical results.
August 2024 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” This study found that acetyl zingerone methyl ether (MAZ) in hair dyes and haircare products may reduce oxidative damage, improve hair condition, and enhance the longevity and quality of dyed hair color.
June 2024 in “British Journal of Dermatology” This narrative focuses on the experiences of two women with permanent chemotherapy-induced alopecia, highlighting the severe psychological and social impact along with dissatisfaction over pre-treatment information about hair loss, which they initially believed to be temporary.
June 2024 in “Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery/Indian journal of plastic surgery” This study found that using a specific ratio method based on the patient's scalp measurements can effectively predict the dimensions of the permanent safe zone for hair transplants, particularly in early stages of androgenetic alopecia, potentially ensuring long-lasting transplant results.
August 2022 in “Contact dermatitis” This case report describes a 24-year-old male who developed alopecia areata following an allergic reaction to a permanent hair dye, possibly linked to previous sensitization from a henna tattoo.
March 2022 in “Journal of health sciences and medicine” This study found that azelaic acid at all tested concentrations showed anti-Demodex efficacy similar to 5% permethrin, with no statistically significant differences between the treatments.
February 2022 in “Cosmetic Dermatology” This review discusses the history and composition of permanent hair waving products for different hair types and reports no new research findings.
September 2021 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” This study evaluated a new high-power, 810 nm diode laser for hair removal, finding it to be effective and safe, with a mean hair reduction of 74.4% in one session, and noted it worked efficiently on both large and small areas with minimal side effects.
November 2016 in “University of the Arts London Research Online (University of the Arts London)” This study concluded that adding polymeric conditioning actives to shampoos improved color retention in permanently dyed hair, while additional cationic dyes at certain pH levels weakly dyed the hair directly.
January 2016 in “Journal of clinical case reports” This review examines the occurrence of permanent alopecia associated with docetaxel in breast cancer treatment, identifying a reported case of lasting hair loss in one patient.
September 2014 in “Daehan miyong hakoeji” Adding 2% glycerin or hyaluronic acid to permanent wave treatments reduces hair damage, with hyaluronic acid being more effective.
January 2013 in “프로그램북(구 초록집)” This review discusses the chemical processes involved in hair styling and straightening and reports no new results; the authors highlight pregnancy safety with hair treatments during pregnancy.
January 2012 in “Jounal of The Korean Society of cosmetology” Applying conditioner mid-treatment reduces hair damage during perms.
This study found that adding Rosehip extract to permanent waving products with cysteine improved waving efficiency and reduced hair damage compared to thioglycolate-based products.
December 2009 in “Eclética Química” This study developed a new permanganometric method for determining minoxidil in pharmaceutical formulations, offering a simple and rapid alternative to chromatographic procedures with recovery rates between 94.5% and 95.2%.
November 2001 in “PubMed” This research found that perming, combing, and stretching cause hair damage, leading to a significant reduction in keratin levels within a specific molecular weight range.