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This study observed that proteins in the mTOR signaling pathway are expressed differently in the hair follicles of patients with lichen planopilaris and frontal fibrosing alopecia, suggesting a role in the pathogenesis of these conditions.

In this study using the C3H/HeJ mouse model of alopecia areata, researchers found that hyperexpanded CD8⁺ T cell clones were sufficient to initiate disease, establishing a causal link between T cell clonality and pathogenicity.

This review explores the potential of extracellular vesicle therapy as a novel strategy to delay intervertebral disc degeneration and enhance tissue repair, by modulating key pathogenic mechanisms, with a focus on the molecular components and bioengineering modifications of extracellular vesicles.

This article reviews the characteristics and inheritance patterns of keratosis follicularis spinulosa decalvans, but it does not present new clinical findings, noting the disease's complex and poorly understood pathogenesis.

This source reports that understanding how skin cells and immune cells interact may lead to better treatment options for inflammatory skin diseases like psoriasis and atopic dermatitis, emphasizing the role of epithelial-immune microenvironments in disease pathogenesis.

This study observed that a CARASIL mouse model demonstrated abnormal behavior, vascular and cellular changes, and upregulation of the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway, indicating its potential involvement in CARASIL pathogenesis.

This study found that the MIR34A rs2666433 (A/G) variant is linked to increased risk and severity of alopecia areata, and high circulatory miR-34a levels may play a role in the disease's pathogenesis.

This study found that women with polycystic ovary syndrome have higher insulin resistance and lower serum high-molecular weight adiponectin, which may play a role in the condition's pathogenesis.

This article reviews the occurrence of ectopic sebaceous glands in hair follicle matrix during hair embryogenesis and reports no new clinical results, indicating unknown pathogenesis and clinical implications.

This review discusses Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome, highlighting its phenotype, pathogenesis, and its potential insights into natural aging and cardiovascular diseases, but it reports no new research findings.

This study identified a novel mutation, R430Q in the KRT86 gene, in a Han family with monilethrix, which may contribute to the disease's pathogenic mechanism.

In this study, a novel heterozygous transition mutation in the KRT86 gene was identified, which may be pathogenic for monilethrix in a Chinese family.

This review discusses the impaired functionality of regulatory T cells in the pancreas during the development of Type 1 diabetes, highlighting their role in disease pathogenesis, potential of Treg-based therapies, and challenges in clinical applications.

This review highlights the promise of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) as biomarkers for sepsis, emphasizing their potential to improve early detection and guide therapeutic decisions by reflecting the immune status and pathogen presence in patients.

This study reviews the complex keratinization process in the epidermis, detailing how various factors regulate keratinocyte differentiation and emphasizing the importance of understanding this process for the pathogenesis of skin disorders like ichthyoses and psoriasis.

This study found that Aire‒/‒ mice spontaneously developed persistent AA-like lesions, highlighting a potential role for AIRE in hair follicle biology and pathogenesis of alopecia areata.

This study observed a significant increase in cellular retinol-binding protein-1 expression in lesional skin of patients with alopecia areata compared to healthy controls, suggesting its potential role in the disease's pathogenesis.

This review discusses the complex mechanisms behind acne vulgaris and suggests that dietary modification, along with pro- and prebiotics, may influence its pathogenesis by addressing stress-induced skin inflammation.

In this study, researchers presented a protocol for generating planar skin organoids from human induced pluripotent stem cells, which include hair follicles and other skin structures, offering a relevant in vitro model for investigating skin physiology, pathogen interactions, and drug responses.

This study found that total serum IgE levels were elevated in patients with alopecia areata compared to controls, suggesting a possible involvement of IgE and Th2 cytokines in its pathogenesis.

This study found that inhibiting the PI3Kδ enzyme in murine models of cutaneous chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) reduced skin scores and fibrosis, prevented pathogenic lymphoid structures, and improved survival, suggesting it as a promising therapeutic approach to address the disease's hypoxic pathophysiology.

In this genetic study, the researchers found that variants in the CLEC4D gene are significantly associated with the development of alopecia areata among individuals in the Jordanian population, pointing to a potential genetic influence on the disease's pathogenesis.

This review summarizes current melasma treatments, emphasizing the need for tailored, long-term management strategies that integrate photoprotection and address various pathogenic mechanisms.

In this study, the researchers compared subcutaneous fat in the frontal and occipital scalp regions, which are affected and spared in androgenetic alopecia respectively, to better understand the role of subcutaneous fat in the condition's pathogenesis.

This case report documents the first known instance of congenital lipedematous alopecia in a male, specifically a 6-year-old Asian boy, characterized by scalp thickening and sparse hair growth without inflammation, and highlights the need for further research to understand its pathogenesis and treatment.

This study presents a rare case where a patient with a heterozygous mutation in the HTRA1 gene, typically considered non-pathogenic, exhibited severe symptoms and typical features of CARASIL, expanding the understanding of this condition.

This article provides an overview of keratosis pilaris, discussing its different variants, possible pathogenesis, and treatment options, without reporting new clinical results.

This case report identifies a 32-year-old woman with undiagnosed PHPT-1a who exhibited complete pseudo-anodontia and persistent patchy alopecia areata, suggesting these may be new nonclassical features of a GNAS pathogenic variant.

This study found that metabolic syndrome was more prevalent among androgenetic alopecia patients than controls, with higher serum RANTES levels suggesting a potential role in the syndrome's pathogenesis.

This study found that patients with early onset androgenetic alopecia had significantly higher levels of the biomarker YKL-40, suggesting a link to both the condition's pathogenesis and related metabolic syndrome.