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Glossary Mitochondrial Function

processes that produce energy within cell structures

Mitochondrial function refers to the processes carried out by mitochondria, the energy-producing structures within cells. These organelles convert nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the primary energy currency of the cell, through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. Proper mitochondrial function is crucial for energy production, cellular metabolism, and overall cell health.

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research SHORT-TERM DIABETES IN THE BRAIN: EFFECTS ON NEUROACTIVE STEROIDS, CHOLESTEROL HOMEOSTASIS, AND MITOCHONDRIAL FUNCTIONALITY

January 2017 in “Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca (Universita Degli Studi Di Milano)”

This study found that one month of diabetes altered neuroactive steroid levels and associated mechanisms in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex of an experimental rat model.

Decline of Life’s Energy Theory of Aging: Revitalization of Energy Metabolism and Aging Mitochondria

research Decline of life’s energy theory of ageing 1. Revitalisation of energy metabolism and ageing mitochondria

1 citations , August 2000 in “Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents”

This article reviews the therapeutic use of carnitine derivatives for re-establishing mitochondrial functionality in aging and reports no new clinical results.

research Reversing wrinkled skin and hair loss in mice by restoring mitochondrial function

74 citations , June 2018 in “Cell death and disease”

In this study, researchers found that depleting mtDNA in mice caused skin wrinkles and hair loss but restoring mitochondrial function reversed these effects, highlighting mtDNA's significant role in skin and hair health.

research Biomaterials Functionalized with MSC Secreted Extracellular Vesicles and Soluble Factors for Tissue Regeneration

220 citations , March 2020 in “Advanced functional materials”

This review discusses the mechanisms and potential therapeutic benefits of mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles delivered via biomaterials, but reports no new clinical results.

research 1368 Does mitochondrial dysfunction drive immune privilege collapse in lichen planopilaris pathogenesis?

April 2018 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

This study suggests that mitochondrial dysfunction might contribute to the pathogenesis of Lichen planopilaris by triggering a metabolic shift that leads to chronic inflammation and hair follicle damage.

research Targeting Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in the Treatment of Impaired Wound Healing: A Systematic Review

280 citations , July 2018 in “Antioxidants”

This review discusses the role of reactive oxygen species in wound healing, highlighting potential strategies like mitochondrial-targeted antioxidants for managing non-healing chronic wounds, and reports no new clinical results.

research Role of S-Palmitoylation by ZDHHC13 in Mitochondrial function and Metabolism in Liver

59 citations , May 2017 in “Scientific reports”

This study found that ZDHHC13 deficiency in mice is associated with abnormal liver function, lipid metabolism issues, and impaired mitochondrial function, highlighting ZDHHC13's regulatory role in liver metabolism.

Antioxidants and Mitochondrial Bioenergetics: Charnoly Bodies in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Cardiovascular Disorders, and Cancer

research Antioxidants and Mitochondrial Bioenergetics

January 2017 in “Elsevier eBooks”

This chapter discusses charnolopharmacotherapeutics for various medical conditions and suggests antioxidant-loaded nanoparticles may improve treatment by enhancing central nervous system delivery and inducing charnolophagy.

research Silver nanoparticles in medicine and technology: Synthesis, functionality and future prospects

3 citations , October 2024 in “World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews”

This review highlighted the potential of silver nanoparticles' antibacterial properties across biomedical, pharmaceutical, and dental applications, and emphasized plant-based biosynthesis methods as eco-friendly alternatives to conventional nanoparticle production despite existing toxicity concerns.

research Photobiomodulation mitigates DHT-induced apoptosis in dermal papilla cells via mitochondrial rescue and Wnt/TGF-β/BMP signaling modulation

1 citations , July 2025 in “Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B Biology”

Photobiomodulation helps protect hair follicle cells from damage caused by DHT.

research DNMT1 targets SRD5A2 to induce mitochondrial homeostasis and EMT in urothelial cells of hypospadias

April 2025 in “Molecular Biology Reports”

In this study, researchers found that DNMT1-mediated methylation of SRD5A2 in urethral epithelial cells from hypospadias-afflicted rats upregulates proteins associated with cell cycle and mitochondrial function, suggesting SRD5A2 as a potential therapeutic target for hypospadias due to its role in modulating cellular functions.

research Protein kinase C is a key target for attenuation of Leigh syndrome by rapamycin

5 citations , February 2019 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)”

This study found that in a mouse model of Leigh syndrome, rapamycin alters brain proteome and may extend survival by targeting protein kinase C.

The Nuts and Bolts of Low-Level Laser Therapy

research The Nuts and Bolts of Low-level Laser (Light) Therapy

1057 citations , November 2011 in “Annals of Biomedical Engineering”

This review discusses the applications of low level laser therapy (LLLT) in wound healing, pain reduction, and treating various conditions, but reports no new clinical results; the authors highlight the need for randomized controlled trials for serious diseases.

research Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Thyroid Axis Hormones Stimulate Mitochondrial Function and Biogenesis in Human Hair Follicles

95 citations , August 2013 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

HPT axis hormones boost mitochondrial function and growth in hair follicles, potentially aiding hair health.

research A wearable and stretchable dual-wavelength LED device for home care of chronic infected wounds

41 citations , October 2024 in “Nature Communications”

In this study, researchers developed a wearable red and blue LED patch and a sprayable fibrin gel to treat infected wounds at home, demonstrating effective infection control and enhanced wound healing in diabetic mice and minipigs.

research Activation of mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 promotes hair growth in human hair follicles

11 citations , November 2023 in “Journal of Advanced Research”

This study found that activating ALDH2, an enzyme that detoxifies acetaldehyde, promoted hair growth in hair follicles by reducing oxidative stress and enhancing cellular signaling pathways, suggesting a potential therapeutic approach for inducing hair regrowth.

research Comparative Gene Expression Profiling of Senescent and Androgenetic Alopecia Using Microarray Analysis

6 citations , January 2010 in “Springer eBooks”

SA linked to mitochondrial issues and oxidative stress, while AGA involves disrupted hair growth genes.

research Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors-mediated diabetic wound healing regulates endothelial cells’ mitochondrial function via sonic hedgehog signaling

5 citations , January 2025 in “Burns & Trauma”

This study suggests that activating the PPARs/SHH-mitochondrial axis may enhance diabetic wound healing by improving endothelial cell metabolism and angiogenesis, indicating potential for PPAR agonists in treating diabetic foot ulcers.

research Systems for Mitochondria-Protective Cosmetic Actives: Opportunities in Post-Oncologic Skin Regeneration

December 2025 in “Cosmetics”

This review highlights that post-oncologic skin suffers from several impairments following cancer treatments, and dermocosmetic strategies, particularly those involving nanocarriers, can enhance the efficacy and stability of antioxidants, thereby aiding skin regeneration and improving quality of life.

Remolding Microenvironmental Homeostasis for Enhancing Regenerative Hypertrophic Scar Treatment Based on Functionalized Microneedles

research Remolding Microenvironmental Homeostasis for Enhancing Regenerative Hypertrophic Scar Treatment Based on Functionalized Microneedles

July 2025 in “Interdisciplinary materials”

This study found that a microneedle patch integrating curcumin-loaded vesicles and a stem cell-derived matrix showed promise in reducing hypertrophic scars and promoting hair follicle formation in a rabbit model.

research Progress on mitochondria and hair follicle development in androgenetic alopecia: relationships and therapeutic perspectives

February 2025 in “Stem Cell Research & Therapy”

This review highlights the critical role of mitochondrial dysfunction in hair loss, particularly androgenetic alopecia, and explores potential therapies targeting mitochondrial pathways to improve hair health, underscoring the need for further research in this area.

research Dermatologic Manifestations of Mitochondrial Dysfunction: A Review of the Literature

March 2024 in “International journal of molecular sciences”

This review summarizes current literature associating mitochondrial dysfunction with dermatologic issues like skin aging, hair loss, and poor wound healing, noting potential benefits in targeting mitochondrial components for treatments.

research Activation of the integrated stress response in human hair follicles

June 2024 in “PLoS ONE”

This study found that inhibiting the Mitochondrial Pyruvate Carrier in human scalp hair follicles caused metabolic stress that halted cell proliferation and disrupted key signaling pathways, with these effects partially reversed by an integrated stress response inhibitor.

research Mitochondrial Complex I Activity Suppresses Inflammation and Enhances Bone Resorption by Shifting Macrophage-Osteoclast Polarization

222 citations , August 2014 in “Cell Metabolism”

In this study, researchers found that mitochondrial complex I plays a crucial role in regulating innate immunity and bone remodeling, with Ndufs4 deletion causing systemic inflammation and osteopetrosis through various metabolic shifts and cellular mechanisms.

research Lactate dehydrogenase activity drives hair follicle stem cell activation

202 citations , August 2017 in “Nature cell biology”

This study found that glycolytic metabolism and lactate production are crucial for hair follicle stem cell activation, and manipulating these processes can stimulate the hair cycle.

research A keratin scaffold regulates epidermal barrier formation, mitochondrial lipid composition, and activity

98 citations , December 2015 in “The Journal of Cell Biology”

In this study, researchers found that the absence of type I or type II keratins in mice leads to severe skin barrier defects, highlighting keratins' crucial role in epidermal structure and function.

research Improved health-span and lifespan in mtDNA mutator mice treated with the mitochondrially targeted antioxidant SkQ1

75 citations , February 2017 in “Aging”

This study found that treating mtDNA mutator mice with the antioxidant SkQ1 delayed aging traits and extended their lifespan, potentially by alleviating mitochondrial dysfunction caused by reactive oxygen species.

research Molecular basis of hair cell loss

66 citations , February 2015 in “Cell & tissue research/Cell and tissue research”

This review explores the mechanisms of hair cell death due to factors like noise, ototoxic drugs, and aging and reports no conclusive clinical results; ongoing research may eventually enable preventive treatments for hearing loss.

research Autotaxin-LPA signaling contributes to obesity-induced insulin resistance in muscle and impairs mitochondrial metabolism

45 citations , August 2018 in “Journal of Lipid Research”

This study observed that partial autotaxin deficiency in mice protects against diet-induced obesity and systemic insulin resistance, suggesting the ATX-LPA pathway negatively affects skeletal muscle insulin signaling and mitochondrial function during obesity.

research Stem cell identification-in vivo lineage analysis versus in vitro isolation and clonal expansion

17 citations , March 2012 in “The Journal of Pathology”

This article argues that lineage labeling with genetic markers is the gold standard for identifying epithelial stem cells, contrary to the view that in vitro methods alone are sufficient.