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Certain SHBG gene variants, like rs727428, are linked to higher testosterone levels in women with PCOS.

Newer low-dose oral contraceptives with less androgenic effects improve patient compliance.

Menopause reduces skin collagen and elasticity, and while estrogen therapy can help, its risks require careful consideration.

Testosterone therapy can improve sexual satisfaction and mood in surgically menopausal women when used with estrogen, but its long-term safety and effects on naturally menopausal and premenopausal women are unclear.

Lower SHBG levels may increase the risk of PCOS.

Longer CAG repeat lengths in the androgen receptor gene are linked to higher testosterone levels in women with PCOS.

Blood removal and birth control pills both helped with hormone levels in women with PCOS, but birth control was better for regular periods and blood removal had fewer side effects.

Metformin helps with menstrual cycles and insulin levels in PCOS but is less effective for hair growth, diabetes prevention, and weight loss, and may improve fertility and reduce diabetes risk.

High levels of testosterone and 5α-DHT can lead to cell death in cells important for hair growth.

Rosuvastatin improves lipid levels, reduces inflammation, but worsens insulin sensitivity in men with early-onset hair loss.

Resveratrol improved hormone levels, menstrual cycles, hair loss, and ovarian function in PCOS patients.

Changing protein kinase levels in pituitary cells affects calcium flow and beta-endorphin release.

The ZIP7 gene helps control zinc levels in cells by moving zinc from the Golgi apparatus to the cytoplasm.

Androgens are important for normal ovarian function and estrogen production, but may not be the main cause of follicle death.

Most dogs with alopecia had higher than normal levels of certain hormones, but hair loss might not always be linked to these hormone changes.

A 5 mg dose of transdermal testosterone cream effectively restores testosterone levels in postmenopausal women.

A woman with acromegaloidism and normal growth hormone levels had a rare X-Tetrasomy, suggesting a need to study X-chromosome genes for their role in growth and facial development.

Testosterone may help increase sexual events for women with low libido due to antidepressants.

People with hair loss have higher risk of high blood sugar and diabetes, and lower levels of a specific hormone.

The conclusion is that accurately identifying the cause of high androgen levels in women with PCOS is crucial and requires specific tests.

Hirsute women have lower type 2 17β-HSD enzyme levels, which improve with treatment.

Testosterone therapy can improve sexual desire and function in postmenopausal women but should be used cautiously and not based solely on testosterone levels.

People with PCOS, especially if obese, often have NAFLD, linked to obesity, insulin resistance, and high androgen levels.

The number of advanced breast cancer cases in women under 40 has increased, but the overall numbers are still low.

A balanced diet and healthy lifestyle help manage PCOS symptoms.

The document concludes that diagnosing PCOS requires a thorough approach, considering various symptoms and risks, and calls for improved methods to identify PCOS types and prevent diabetes.

Most adrenal cortex tumors are benign and non-secreting, but proper diagnosis and treatment are important due to the rare possibility of cancer.

The 2003 consensus updated PCOS diagnosis criteria and highlighted increased risks of diabetes and heart disease for those affected.

Finasteride treats enlarged prostate and hair loss, but may cause side effects in some patients.

Hormonal treatments can help with acne but are not the first choice due to side effects and the need for careful patient selection.