506 citations,
March 2005 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Testosterone therapy improves physical function, strength, and body composition in older men with low testosterone levels.
306 citations,
August 2011 in “Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle” Enobosarm significantly increased muscle mass and improved physical function in elderly men and postmenopausal women without serious side effects.
37 citations,
June 2011 in “Journal of Cellular Biochemistry” Androgen is important in controlling stem cell differentiation, reducing fat development, and increasing lean mass.
December 2024 in “Frontiers in Neurology” Testosterone with finasteride improved muscle and bone health in men with spinal cord injury.
16 citations,
January 2003 in “Nuclear Receptor Signaling” Androgens and SARMs play a role in body mass, frailty, skin health, and hair growth, and are used in treating prostate cancer, acne, and hair loss, with potential for new uses and improved versions in the future.
211 citations,
May 2013 in “Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging” MK-0773 safely increased muscle mass but did not improve muscle strength or function in elderly women with sarcopenia.
34 citations,
December 2012 in “Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care” Sex hormone treatments can increase muscle mass in older adults but have inconsistent effects on muscle function and may carry cardiovascular risks.
11 citations,
March 2016 in “Translational Andrology and Urology” Nandrolone might increase muscle mass with fewer side effects than testosterone but could cause erectile dysfunction and needs more research.
April 2018 in “Gynäkologische Endokrinologie” Testosterone in older women can increase bone density, muscle mass, fat mass, improve memory, and boost libido, but may cause nipple color changes.
31 citations,
January 2017 in “Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology” Low testosterone and 5α-reductase inhibitors can harm men's metabolic and sexual health; testosterone therapy may help, but discussing 5α-RIs' side effects is important.
6 citations,
August 2013 in “Fertility and Sterility” Eating cream can increase ovarian androgen production in women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, which is not related to obesity.
August 2013 in “Fertility and Sterility” High levels of fatty acids are linked to increased androgen production and inflammation in women with PCOS, which may affect IVF outcomes.
November 2003 in “Aap Grand Rounds” Low-dose flutamide-metformin therapy effectively improved PCOS symptoms in adolescent girls.
11 citations,
November 2009 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology/The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology” Bolandiol, a synthetic steroid, builds muscle and bone without greatly affecting sex glands, and works differently from other hormones.
2 citations,
December 2013 in “Cancer research” Enobosarm may effectively treat androgen receptor-positive breast cancer with fewer side effects.
29 citations,
October 2020 in “eLife” Higher testosterone levels can increase the risk of certain diseases like type 2 diabetes in women and prostate cancer in men, but can also protect against autoimmune diseases and hair loss. It also affects body fat and bone density.
September 2023 in “Journal of the turkish academy of dermatology” Men with male pattern baldness had higher body fat and obesity-related measurements but similar heart fat and artery thickness compared to healthy men.
8 citations,
March 2012 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Testosterone and dihydrotestosterone have similar effects on body composition and metabolic health in men.
64 citations,
August 1999 in “The American journal of medicine” The transscrotal testosterone patch normalizes hormone levels in men with AIDS and weight loss but does not improve weight, body mass, or quality of life.
6 citations,
August 2018 in “BMJ open sport and exercise medicine” Resistance training might help with PCOS symptoms, but more research is needed.
5 citations,
February 1977 in “Archives of Dermatology” Eating more protein during fast weight loss can prevent hair loss.
Eating more protein during weight loss can prevent hair loss caused by not having enough protein.
155 citations,
March 2006 in “The American Journal of Medicine” Women with PCOS have heart-related issues not because of obesity, but due to insulin resistance and low adiponectin levels.
28 citations,
October 1998 in “Baillière's clinical endocrinology and metabolism” Testosterone replacement may help post-menopausal women with androgen insufficiency, but more research is needed on its benefits and risks.
4 citations,
February 2019 in “Biological Trace Element Research” Chromium salts may help with insulin sensitivity in PCOS, but more research is needed to confirm their overall effectiveness and safety.
14 citations,
August 2014 in “Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism” A low-starch/low-dairy diet may help overweight women with PCOS lose weight and improve metabolism, but more research is needed.
16 citations,
November 2021 in “Antioxidants” Managing oxidative stress might help treat low testosterone and related chronic diseases in aging men.
42 citations,
September 2012 in “PLoS ONE” Bezafibrate treatment improved skin and spleen health in aging mice but didn't extend lifespan.
124 citations,
March 2012 in “JAMA” Testosterone's muscle-building effects do not require its conversion to DHT.
92 citations,
November 2003 in “The Journals of Gerontology” Testosterone supplements can increase muscle mass and strength in older men with low levels, but long-term effects and risks need more research.