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Skin cells produce and activate vitamin D, which regulates skin functions and supports hair growth.

Stem cell niches support, regulate, and coordinate stem cell functions.

Methotrexate treats various disorders by inhibiting DNA synthesis, but careful monitoring is needed to avoid toxicity and manage side effects.

Liposomal systems show promise for delivering drugs through the skin but face challenges like high costs and stability issues.

Most people with systemic lupus erythematosus have skin problems, and skin symptoms are often the first sign of the disease.

The document concludes that a better understanding of cell changes during wound healing could improve treatments for chronic wounds and other conditions.

Stem cell therapy, particularly using certain types of cells, shows promise for treating hair loss by stimulating hair growth and development, but more extensive trials are needed to confirm these findings.

Cytokeratin 19 and cytokeratin 15 are key markers for monitoring the quality and self-renewing potential of engineered skin.

Asia has made significant progress in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, but wider clinical use requires more development.

Hair, teeth, and mammary glands develop similarly at first but use different genes later.

New treatments targeting specific genes show promise for treating keratin disorders.

Hair color production is closely linked to the active growth phase of hair in mice and may also influence hair growth itself.

Skin-derived precursors in hair follicles come from different origins but function similarly.

Scientists turned mouse stem cells into skin cells that can grow into skin layers and structures.

Thymosin β4 promotes hair growth by activating stem cells in hair follicles.

Newborn mouse skin cells can grow hair and this process can be recreated in adult cells to potentially help with hair loss.

Exosomes from dermal papilla cells can help grow hair and might treat hair loss.

The document concludes that diagnosing and treating Human African Trypanosomiasis is challenging, but new treatments like fexinidazole are promising.

EGF and KGF signalling prevent hair follicle formation and promote skin cell development in mice.

Smart biomaterials that guide tissue repair are key for future medical treatments.

SHISA6 helps maintain certain stem cells in mouse testes by blocking signals that would otherwise cause them to differentiate.

Menopause reduces skin collagen and elasticity, and while estrogen therapy can help, its risks require careful consideration.

Electrospun nanofibers show promise for enhancing blood vessel growth in tissue engineering but need further research to improve their effectiveness.

Keratin proteins are crucial for healthy skin, but mutations can cause skin disorders with no effective treatments yet.

Advanced human skin models improve drug development and could replace animal testing.

Understanding how fetal wounds heal could help improve healing in adults.

Tissue-resident memory T cells can protect against infections and cancer but may also contribute to autoimmune diseases.

Skin problems are very common in people with end-stage kidney disease.

Certain immune system proteins are important for skin healing but can cause problems if there are too many of them.

Skin problems can be caused or worsened by physical forces and pressure on the skin.