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Glossary Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Proteins

regulate insulin-like growth factors' activity and availability

Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Proteins (IGFBPs) are a group of proteins that bind to insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), which are hormones involved in growth and development. By binding to IGFs, IGFBPs regulate their activity, availability, and interaction with IGF receptors, thereby playing a crucial role in cell growth, differentiation, and metabolism.

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research Regulation of human dermal papilla cell production of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 by retinoic acid, glucocorticoids, and insulin-like growth factor-1

37 citations , June 1996 in “Journal of cellular physiology”

This study found that IGF1, retinoic acid, and dexamethasone increase IGFBP-3 production in cultured human dermal papilla cells, potentially inhibiting IGF1 action on hair growth.

research Study on Expression of Insulin-like Growth Factor-binding Protein-3and -5(IGFBP-3 and IGFBP-5)in the Skin of Inner Mongolia Cashmere Goat

January 2013 in “China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine”

This study found that IGFBP-5 may play a significant regulatory role in the hair follicle development of Inner Mongolia Cashmere goats, with more consistent expression patterns across different stages.

research Cortisol Enhances the Expression of mac25/Insulin-Like Growth Factor-Binding Protein-Related Protein-1 in Cultured Osteoblasts**This work was supported by NIDDK Grant DK-45227 and a scholarship (to R.C.P.) from Fundacao Coordenacao de Aperfeicoa mento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES), Universidade de Sao Paulo (Sao Paulo, Brazil).

43 citations , January 1999 in “Endocrinology”

This study found that cortisol increases mac25/IGFBP-rP1 expression in osteoblast-enriched cells from fetal rat calvariae, indicating transcriptional regulation which may influence IGF and insulin effects in bone.

research Vertex balding, plasma insulin-like growth factor 1, and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3

26 citations , June 2000 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

This study found that older men with vertex balding had lower levels of IGFBP-3 and higher levels of IGF-1 in their plasma.

research Vertex balding, plasma insulin-like growth factor 1, and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3

3 citations , June 2000 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

This study found that older men with vertex balding have lower circulating levels of the protein IGFBP-3 and higher levels of IGF-1.

The Association Between Low Circulating Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 and Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein-3 with Hair Loss in Women: A Case-Control Study in Basrah, Iraq

research The Association Between Low (Or Reduced) Circulating Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 and Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein-3 with Hair Loss in Women. A Case- Control Study in Basrah City of Iraq

July 2026 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)”

This study found that women with female pattern hair loss had significantly lower serum IGF-1 levels than controls, suggesting a possible role for IGF-1 in this condition.

research The Association Between Low (Or Reduced) Circulating Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 and Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein-3 with Hair Loss in Women. A Case- Control Study in Basrah City of Iraq

July 2026 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)”

This study found that women with female pattern hair loss had significantly lower serum IGF-1 levels compared to controls, but no significant association between IGFBP-3 levels and hair loss severity was observed.

research The Association between Low (or Reduced) Circulating Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 and Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein-3 with Hair Loss in Women. A Case-Control Study in Basrah, Iraq

March 2026 in “European Journal of Medical and Health Research”

In this case-control study, researchers observed that women with female pattern hair loss exhibited significantly lower serum IGF-1 levels than controls, while IGFBP-3 levels showed no significant difference, suggesting a potential role for IGF-1 in the condition.

research Insulin-like growth factor 1 and hair growth

98 citations , November 1999 in “Dermatology Online Journal”

This review discusses the effects of IGF-1 on hair follicle cell proliferation and differentiation, highlighting its roles in paracrine signaling, apoptosis prevention, and hair growth, but reports no new clinical results.

research Human umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cells engineered to overexpress growth factors accelerate outcomes in hair growth

21 citations , January 2018 in “The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology”

This study found that human umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cells promoted hair growth by advancing anagen onset and increasing hair follicle regeneration in an in vivo model.

Androgens Modulate Keratinocyte Differentiation Indirectly Through Enhancing Growth Factor Production From Dermal Fibroblasts

research Androgens modulate keratinocyte differentiation indirectly through enhancing growth factor production from dermal fibroblasts

20 citations , January 2019 in “Journal of dermatological science”

This study suggests that androgens enhance growth factor production in dermal fibroblasts, which in turn may alter keratinocyte differentiation and contribute to acne lesion formation.

research Insulin-like growth factor-1: roles in androgenetic alopecia

27 citations , February 2014 in “Experimental Dermatology”

This study found that dermal papilla cells from balding scalp follicles secrete significantly less insulin-like growth factor-1 and its binding proteins, suggesting a mechanism contributing to male pattern baldness.

Hair-Growth-Promoting Effect of Conditioned Medium of High Integrin α6 and Low CD71 Positive Keratinocyte Cells

research Hair-Growth-Promoting Effect of Conditioned Medium of High Integrin α6 and Low CD 71 (α6bri/CD71dim) Positive Keratinocyte Cells

17 citations , February 2015 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences”

This study found that keratinocyte stem/progenitor cell-conditioned medium significantly enhanced hair growth in mice and increased the proliferation of human hair follicle cells.

Concentrated Conditioned Medium-Loaded Silk Nanofiber Hydrogels with Sustained Release of Bioactive Factors to Improve Skin Regeneration

research Concentrated Conditioned Medium-Loaded Silk Nanofiber Hydrogels with Sustained Release of Bioactive Factors To Improve Skin Regeneration

5 citations , September 2019 in “ACS Applied Bio Materials”

This study developed a composite hydrogel that delivered multiple proteins, enhancing skin wound healing by accelerating closure and promoting hair follicle regeneration.

research Subcutaneous injection of conditioned medium from photobiomodulation-treated adipose-derived stromal cells promotes hair growth and angiogenesis in mice

June 2025 in “Archives of Dermatological Research”

This study found that photobiomodulation-irradiated conditioned medium from human adipose-derived stromal cells enhanced hair growth in mice, suggesting its potential as a treatment for hair loss by increasing growth factor secretion.

Hair Growth-Promoting Activity of Citron Seed Oil: Induction of Premature Telogen-To-Anagen Transition of Hair Follicle in C57BL/6 Mouse Models

research Hair Growth-Promoting Activity of Citron Seed Oil: Induction of Premature Telogen-To-Anagen Transition of Hair Follicle in C57BL/6 Mouse Models

April 2021 in “Current Topics in Nutraceutical Research”

This study found that citron seed oil promotes hair regrowth in a C57BL/6 mouse model by enhancing the transition to the growth phase, increasing hair follicle features and skin thickness, and inducing specific protein expressions that support hair regeneration.

research (Neuro-)endocrinology of epithelial hair follicle stem cells

42 citations , March 2008 in “Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology”

This review explores the potential (neuro-)endocrine influences on hair follicle epithelial stem cell biology and emphasizes the need for more systematic research, but it provides no new empirical results.

research Functionally enhanced placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells inhibit adipogenesis in orbital fibroblasts with Graves’ ophthalmopathy

20 citations , November 2020 in “Stem Cell Research & Therapy”

This study found that placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells overexpressing PRL-1 inhibited adipogenesis in orbital fibroblasts from Graves’ ophthalmopathy patients by modulating specific signaling pathways, suggesting a potential therapeutic strategy.

Intrauterine Botulinum Toxin A Administration Promotes Endometrial Regeneration Mediated by IGFBP3-Dependent OPN Proteolytic Cleavage in Thin Endometrium

research Intrauterine botulinum toxin A administration promotes endometrial regeneration mediated by IGFBP3-dependent OPN proteolytic cleavage in thin endometrium

9 citations , January 2023 in “Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences”

This study found that intrauterine administration of botulinum toxin A improved endometrial environment and receptivity in a murine model of thin endometrium through mechanisms involving IGFBP3 and osteopontin.

research Functionally enhanced placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells inhibit adipogenesis in orbital fibroblasts with Graves’ ophthalmopathy

September 2020 in “Research Square (Research Square)”

This study found that PD-MSCs overexpressing PRL-1 inhibited adipogenesis in orbital fibroblasts from Graves' ophthalmopathy patients by modulating key signaling pathways, suggesting a novel therapeutic approach for degenerative diseases.

research Functionally enhanced placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells inhibit adipogenesis in orbital fibroblasts with Graves’ ophthalmopathy

August 2020 in “Research Square (Research Square)”

This study found that PD-MSCs overexpressing PRL-1 inhibited adipogenesis in orbital fibroblasts from Graves' ophthalmopathy patients, potentially offering a new therapeutic approach for degenerative diseases.

Functionally Enhanced Placenta-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Inhibit Adipogenesis in Orbital Fibroblasts With Graves’ Ophthalmopathy

research Functionally enhanced placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells inhibit adipogenesis in orbital fibroblasts with Graves’ ophthalmopathy

June 2020

This study found that PRL-1-overexpressing PD-MSCs reduced adipogenesis in orbital fibroblasts from Graves' ophthalmopathy patients by secreting IGFBPs and modulating the FAK pathway.

Beta-Catenin Activity in the Dermal Papilla Regulates Morphogenesis and Regeneration of Hair

research β-catenin Activity in the Dermal Papilla Regulates Morphogenesis and Regeneration of Hair

314 citations , April 2010 in “Developmental Cell”

This study found that in mice, inactivating beta-catenin in the dermal papilla reduces hair follicle progenitor proliferation and disrupts the hair cycle.

research Comparative secretome analysis of human follicular dermal papilla cells and fibroblasts using shotgun proteomics

44 citations , April 2012 in “BMB Reports”

This study identified several DPC-specific proteins, including ITGB1, IGFBP3, and THBS1, as potential biomarkers for hair growth modulation through proteomic and network analysis.

research The Molecular Mechanism Underlying the Proliferating and Preconditioning Effect of Vitamin C on Adipose-Derived Stem Cells

42 citations , February 2014 in “Stem Cells and Development”

This study found that vitamin C increased the survival, proliferation, and hair-regenerative potential of adipose-derived stem cells through the MAPK pathway and enhanced hair growth in mice.

research Case Series: Gene Expression Analysis in Canine Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada/Uveodermatologic Syndrome and Vitiligo Reveals Conserved Immunopathogenesis Pathways Between Dog and Human Autoimmune Pigmentary Disorders

20 citations , December 2020 in “Frontiers in Immunology”

This study found that certain T cell-associated genes were upregulated in dogs with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome and vitiligo, suggesting a shared immunopathogenesis with humans.

Conditioned Media Obtained from Human Outer Root Sheath Follicular Keratinocyte Culture Activates Signalling Pathways That Contribute to Maintenance of Hair-Inducing Capacity and Increases Trichogenicity of Cultured Dermal Cells

research Conditioned media obtained from human outer root sheath follicular keratinocyte culture activates signalling pathways that contribute to maintenance of hair-inducing capacity and increases trichogenicity of cultured dermal cells

6 citations , July 2012 in “Experimental Dermatology”

In this study, treatment with human follicular keratinocyte-conditioned media improved the trichogenicity of cultured dermal cells by activating key signalling pathways, suggesting its potential use in cell therapy for hair loss.

research Distinct tooth regeneration systems deploy a conserved battery of genes

September 2020 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)”

This study found that zebrafish and stickleback fish use similar genetic programs for tooth regeneration, despite differences in their dental structures.

Prevalence of Polycystic Ovaries in Women with Self-Reported Symptoms of Oligomenorrhoea and/or Hirsutism: Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 Study

research Prevalence of polycystic ovaries in women with self-reported symptoms of oligomenorrhoea and/or hirsutism: Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 Study

77 citations , March 2004 in “Human Reproduction”

This study found that women with symptoms of oligomenorrhoea and/or hirsutism are more likely to have polycystic ovaries and less favorable biochemical and clinical markers compared to asymptomatic women.

research Skin Deep and Deeper: Multiple Pathways in Basal Cell Carcinogenesis

5 citations , September 2010 in “Cancer Prevention Research”

This perspective discusses Villani et al.'s findings on the role of the IGF regulatory protein Igfbp2 in basal cell carcinogenesis and highlights potential therapeutic and preventive targets, while raising questions about the cell of origin.