February 2006 in “DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)” This review examines existing and potential treatments for alopecia areata but does not report new clinical results, emphasizing the need for future therapies that target immune pathways or protect hair follicles from inflammation.
April 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” In this study, bovine milk-derived oligosaccharides were found to increase sebocyte proliferation, lipid content, and inflammatory mediator synthesis through the mTORC1 pathway, potentially contributing to milk-based inflammation in sebocytes.
January 2026 in “Advanced Healthcare Materials” This study developed a 3D-printed scaffold for diabetic wound repair, which showed potential in a mouse model by reducing inflammation, promoting blood vessel regeneration, enhancing skin hydration, and accelerating wound healing through nitric oxide and gallium ion release, oxidative stress modulation, and antioxidant pathway activation.
July 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Reduced AhR signaling in HS tunnels leads to persistent inflammation and microbial imbalance.
9 citations
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July 2024 in “Toxins” This opinion article reviews various pathways through which onabotulinumtoxinA might work in medical treatments, highlighting applications beyond muscle paralysis, including pain inhibition and potential effects on hair loss and cancer cell apoptosis.
2 citations
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July 2025 in “Acta Pharmacologica Sinica” Isoginkgetin reduces inflammation in cells by blocking NF-κB activation.
August 2026 in “Cell Insight” This review discusses how regulatory T cells may also promote tissue regeneration through specialized pathways, in addition to their traditional role in maintaining immune tolerance, but reports no new experimental results.
5 citations
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November 2025 in “Cells” This review summarizes the roles of various cells and signaling pathways in skin wound healing, highlights deviations leading to pathological outcomes like chronic wounds, and evaluates cutting-edge approaches such as biomaterials and precision medicine to improve healing and intervention strategies.
2 citations
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June 2023 in “PeerJ” This review discusses how chronic inflammation can lead to persistent stem cell activation and DNA damage, ultimately promoting cancer development and metastasis, but reports no new results.
1 citations
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December 2024 in “Pomeranian Journal of Life Sciences” This review found that microneedling can stimulate various biological pathways to promote tissue remodeling, enhance skin regeneration, and benefit conditions like wound healing and skin rejuvenation, with emerging uses in targeted drug delivery and periodontal therapy.
July 2025 in “Pharmaceutics” This study found that Annexin A5 significantly reduced fibrosis and inflammation in both preventive and therapeutic contexts in a bleomycin-induced localized scleroderma mouse model, demonstrating its potential anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory effects for treating fibrotic diseases.
This literature review reports that chronic inflammation can lead to persistent activation of stem cells, accumulating DNA damage, and eventually promoting cancer development and metastasis even before stem cells become cancerous.
50 citations
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March 2021 in “Annals of Translational Medicine” This study highlights the need for further research on dysregulated immune and fibrotic pathways in morphea to better understand its pathogenesis and develop new biomarkers and therapies.
6 citations
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January 2021 in “Frontiers in Immunology” This study found that deficiency in TLR3/TRIF signaling reduced inflammation and protected mice against postoperative ileus, suggesting potential for TLR3 antagonism as a preventive approach in humans.
6 citations
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October 2014 in “Experimental Dermatology” This study suggests that AKR1C3 expression may influence PGD2-related pathways in skin squamous cell carcinoma and potentially be involved in androgenetic alopecia, although further investigation is needed to clarify its role.
June 2026 in “Cell Regeneration” This review highlights the roles of key transcription factors and signaling pathways in regulating olfactory epithelium regeneration, discussing recent advances in single-cell and spatial transcriptomics as well as organoid models to enhance understanding of olfactory regeneration mechanisms.
November 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” CBD can help hair grow by supporting scalp health and reducing inflammation.
This study found that targeting S1PR1 signaling in mouse aortic endothelial cells helps suppress inflammation-related gene expression while revealing diverse and spatially distinct endothelial cell subtypes.
October 2025 in “Preprints.org” This research concludes that adipose mesenchymal stem cells are uniquely evolved to manage skin inflammation in newborns and their released molecules are the safest and most effective for skin therapeutics.
July 2026 in “Jurnal Kesehatan” This review of preclinical studies suggests that topical metformin could aid diabetic wound healing via multiple pathways, but emphasizes the need for further clinical trials to confirm its safety and efficacy.
July 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Monocyte-derived dendritic cells play a key role in UVB-induced skin sensitivity and inflammation.
August 2024 in “Qucosa (Saxon State and University Library Dresden)” In this study on mice, researchers observed that dermal white adipose tissue (dWAT) plays a key role in regulating skin inflammation and tissue repair; however, reduced expression of certain cytokines in obese mice may hinder these processes, indicating potential metabolic disruptions in dWAT during inflammation.
In this review, researchers concluded that chronic inflammation perpetually activates stem cells, allowing DNA damage accumulation and potentially promoting cancer development and metastasis by converting stem cells into cancer cells.
165 citations
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September 2003 in “Toxicology and applied pharmacology” This review discusses the pharmacology and toxicology of cyclooxygenase in skin, highlighting its role in inflammation, wound healing, and tumorigenesis, without presenting new clinical results.
96 citations
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December 2002 in “Experimental dermatology” This study found that NGAL expression in embryonic skin is spatio-temporally regulated and strongly induced in adult skin conditions with dysregulated differentiation, suggesting a role in epithelial differentiation pathways.
47 citations
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August 2024 in “Science Advances” This study introduces a new biomimetic double wound mask designed to promote scarless healing by coordinating multiple biological pathways and providing enhanced protection and nourishment to wounds.
29 citations
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December 2022 in “Journal of Nanobiotechnology” In this study, IFN-γ-stimulated iPSC-derived mesenchymal stem cell extracellular vesicles improved atopic dermatitis in mice by reducing Th2 cytokine activity, suppressing inflammation, and restoring skin barrier function, as evidenced by decreased itching and inflammatory markers.
14 citations
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May 2021 in “Marine Drugs” This review discusses the therapeutic properties of polydeoxyribonucleotides derived from marine organisms for wound healing and inflammation, but it reports no new clinical results.
9 citations
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August 2024 in “Frontiers in Pharmacology” This review evaluates the potential of natural products and medicinal plants for myocardial infarction treatment, highlighting their therapeutic promise and mechanisms such as reducing oxidative stress and inflammation, but reports no new clinical results.
6 citations
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April 2022 in “Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences” This study reports that a new protocol using Angio PRP improved wound healing in mice by enhancing key healing processes and regulating inflammation, suggesting potential for clinical advancements.