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This study found that topical application of FK506 stimulated hair growth in animals, which may occur independently of its immunosuppressive effects, though its effect on human hair growth remains unclear.

In this study, subcutaneous recombinant human IL-12 showed a 43% partial response rate in early-stage mycosis fungoides patients refractory to previous treatments, with generally mild to moderate adverse events reported.

This study found that the oral IRAK4-inhibitors BAY 1834845 and BAY 1830839 reduced skin inflammation and systemic inflammatory responses in healthy volunteers, showing similar pharmacodynamic effects to prednisolone when challenged with topical imiquimod and intravenous LPS.

Enhancing Tregs can protect against alopecia areata.

This review highlights the possible role of T regulatory cells in the immune-related mechanisms of alopecia areata but reports no new clinical findings.

The study introduced an advanced skin model, ImmuSkin-MT, which effectively distinguished between different strengths of skin sensitizers by mimicking the interaction of immune cells in skin tissue.

In this review, researchers explored the design of composite biomaterials for immunomodulation and their potential to influence immune cell behavior, which could be leveraged for treating diseases like cancer and improving tissue regeneration, while also addressing translational challenges such as biocompatibility and safety.

This study observed that expanding regulatory T cells in the skin of mice with alopecia areata did not reverse the condition, indicating that additional immunotherapy may be necessary.

This review discusses the potential of combining low-dose IL-2 with islet antigens to enhance antigen-specific Treg function in type 1 diabetes, but reports no new clinical results.

This study found that topical application of cyclosporin A and FK506 induces new hair growth in mice, while ascomycin and rapamycin do not, suggesting hair induction is not due to immunosuppression.

This study found that imiquimod combined with fish oil in a bigel formulation enhanced antitumor effects and reduced inflammatory side effects in a skin cancer model.

This study found that tumor immunotherapy, while effective against solid tumors, can disrupt the immune balance in hair follicles, causing follicular toxicity and alopecia, highlighting the need for targeted interventions to manage these adverse effects.

This study found that a single instance of acute skin stretching can enhance immune surveillance and improve vaccine delivery by increasing skin permeability and promoting immune cell recruitment without causing tissue damage.

This study identified ISPP-Rb, a novel immuno-stimulatory complex from Royoporus badius, that significantly activates murine macrophage cells and induces multiple proinflammatory cytokines.

In a proof-of-concept study at Xiangya Hospital, the researchers observed that combining tofacitinib with low-dose interleukin-2 helped maintain remission in refractory alopecia areata patients, with three out of four maintaining complete remission for 11–20 months post-treatment and no adverse events reported.

Finasteride improves hidradenitis suppurativa but not for child-bearing women.

Early treatment with immunoglobulin and aspirin reduces heart complications in children with Kawasaki disease.

This study found that extracts from Cirsium japonicum var. spinossimum seeds are rich in polyphenols and flavonoids, demonstrating significant anti-inflammatory and cell proliferation effects in specific cell models, suggesting potential as a source for anti-inflammatory and anticancer agents.

This article reviews the extensive pharmacological applications of various parts of the neem plant, such as anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial effects, and reports no adverse effects except for allergic reactions, concluding neem is broadly beneficial with numerous medicinal and cosmetic uses.

This review found that while many medicinal plants show potential antiviral and other therapeutic effects against COVID-19 based on prior studies, more rigorous clinical trials are needed to confirm their efficacy and safety.

Contact immunotherapy can change immune responses in alopecia areata, suggesting new treatment targets.

This study found that intralesional Candida antigen was as effective as intralesional steroids for treating alopecia areata after 5 months, with significantly lower injection pain reported in the Candida group.

This research developed new in vitro models for high-throughput screening of drugs that could protect or restore immune privilege in hair follicles, finding that Tofacitinib was effective in preventing inflammation-related marker upregulation, while Tacrolimus and αMSH worked specifically in outer root sheath keratinocytes.

This study reported that using UVB preirradiation and anti-CD154 antibody treatment in a humanized mouse model prolonged hair follicle allograft survival and reduced immune cell infiltration without needing generalized immunosuppression.

This study found that alopecia areata patients who responded poorly to topical immunotherapy had impaired peripheral blood mononuclear cell responses to T-cell stimulants.

This review discusses the cosmetic use and safety of Hypericum Perforatum Extract and Oil, finding that current data are insufficient to support their safety in formulations due to a lack of comprehensive testing.

This article discusses the broad traditional uses and potential pharmaceutical applications of burdock, recommending the development of new products but reporting no experimental findings.

This study found no significant difference in serum prolactin levels between vitiligo patients and healthy controls, nor any significant association between prolactin gene polymorphism and vitiligo severity, except for a significant relation with BMI.

New retinoids are effective for various skin conditions and are being developed to have fewer side effects.