36 citations
,
May 2017 in “The journal of sexual medicine” Cyproterone acetate treatment is safe and causes mild feminization, which increases with added estrogen.
32 citations
,
December 2018 in “Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology” Hormone therapy for transgender females increases the risk of blood clots and requires careful dosing, monitoring, and lifelong management.
28 citations
,
December 2018 in “Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology” Testosterone therapy seems safe and effective for transgender men with proper care, but more long-term research is needed.
8 citations
,
February 2009 in “Current Women's Health Reviews” Testosterone treatment can improve sexual function and bone density in women but may have adverse effects and requires more research on safety and guidelines.
8 citations
,
January 1996 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” Cyproterone acetate is the preferred treatment for women's hyperandrogenism when estrogen/progestogen use is safe.
44 citations
,
July 2011 in “Dermato-endocrinology” Thyroid hormone affects skin health, with too little causing rough, pale skin and too much leading to smooth, thin skin, and may also impact wound healing and skin conditions.
38 citations
,
November 2012 in “Expert Opinion on Drug Safety” Common acne treatments can cause various side effects, like skin irritation and more serious issues, but combination therapies are often more effective and better tolerated.
32 citations
,
March 2021 in “Journal of endocrinological investigation” Thyroid hormones are important for skin health and changes in them can affect conditions like hair loss and eczema.
24 citations
,
July 2011 in “PubMed” Thyroid hormones affect skin texture, hair and nail growth, and can cause skin diseases related to thyroid problems.
21 citations
,
November 2014 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” Cross-sex hormone therapy is important for managing gender dysphoria and requires careful monitoring and healthcare provider education.
15 citations
,
February 2019 in “Internal Medicine Journal” Australian doctors experienced in adult transgender healthcare mostly prescribe intramuscular testosterone and oral estradiol, recommend mental health assessments before hormone therapy, and support improved training and guidelines.
81 citations
,
July 2007 in “Fertility and Sterility” Testosterone therapy seems safe for postmenopausal women for a few years, but more research is needed for long-term effects.
19 citations
,
October 2020 in “Gastroenterology report” There is no standard treatment for the rare Cronkhite–Canada syndrome, which can be fatal and lead to cancer.
13 citations
,
March 2018 in “Journal of Sociology” The anti-ageing treatment market is growing by exploiting fears of ageing with unproven promises, which could harm public trust and genuine science.
8 citations
,
May 2020 in “Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America” Minoxidil, finasteride, and low-level laser light therapy are effective FDA-approved treatments for hair loss.
4 citations
,
January 1994 in “Journal of hepatology” Cyclosporine A therapy changes sex hormone levels differently in pre-menopausal and post-menopausal women with primary biliary cirrhosis.
1 citations
,
August 1995 in “Archives of Disease in Childhood” Minoxidil helped a boy regrow his hair after intense chemotherapy for leukaemia.
149 citations
,
June 2002 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Minoxidil works better for female hair loss, but cyproterone reduces scalp oiliness and causes menstrual issues.
8 citations
,
May 1998 in “Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery” Acne is caused by increased sebum, abnormal skin shedding, bacteria, and inflammation, not dirt; treatments vary from creams to antibiotics or isotretinoin, with severe cases needing a dermatologist's care.
20 citations
,
January 2013 in “Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine” TGPC plus CGT is effective and safe for treating severe alopecia areata in children.
13 citations
,
December 2018 in “Development, Growth & Differentiation” Sex hormones, especially estradiol, can change chicken feather shapes and colors.
15 citations
,
September 2021 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Hormone therapy increases the risk of heart-related issues in transgender women and may affect heart health in transgender men.
1 citations
,
November 2023 in “Medicina” Hormone therapy improves mental well-being in transgender individuals but requires ongoing health monitoring.
24 citations
,
March 2018 in “Pediatric Dermatology” Testosterone treatment in transgender teens can worsen acne, requiring careful treatment due to mental health and medication side effects.
24 citations
,
September 2014 in “PloS one” Thyroid hormone receptors are essential for hair growth and wound healing.
12 citations
,
February 2010 in “Pediatric Health” Early treatment and lifestyle changes are important for managing PCOS in young people to prevent long-term health issues.
9 citations
,
June 2020 in “BMC Molecular and Cell Biology” Stress hormone CRF can cause hair loss by affecting hair growth cells and hormones.
1 citations
,
October 2022 in “International journal of endocrinology” Dihydrotestosterone changes some hormone-related gene expressions in rat pituitary glands but doesn't affect the estrous cycle.
May 2024 in “Journal of clinical medicine” Spironolactone is safe for treating female hair loss, but the safety of other drugs is uncertain.
April 2024 in “Journal of endocrinological investigation” Topical minoxidil helps transgender individuals assigned female at birth grow more facial hair.