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New hormonal contraceptives are safer, have fewer side effects, and offer health benefits for women.

The review suggests younger men taking 1 mg finasteride report more side effects, including sexual, skin, metabolic, and psychological issues.

Natural volatiles and essential oils have health benefits and can enhance the effects of some medicines, but more research is needed to understand how they work and their possible side effects.

Food intake, not genetics, affects how the body processes tadalafil and finasteride.

Foreskin keratinocytes and SVK14 cells express certain cytochrome P450 enzymes, unlike hair follicle keratinocytes.

Vitamin A toxicity can cause severe health issues and may require a liver transplant if other treatments fail.

Certain vitamins in wrong amounts, alcohol abuse, metals, and other toxins can cause serious brain and nerve damage.

PPAR-γ helps control skin oil glands and inflammation, and its disruption can cause hair loss diseases.

Using protein degradation to fight cancer drug resistance shows promise but needs more precise targeting and fewer side effects.

Fesoterodine is effective and safe for elderly patients with overactive bladder.

Plumbagin may help protect cells, reduce inflammation, and has potential for treating various diseases, but more research is needed.

Enzymes are classified into six types and are essential for many biological processes, with only a few targeted by drugs.

Finasteride treatment in rats changed the expression of genes related to psychiatric and neurological functions, and these changes persisted after stopping the drug.

The traditional herbal formulas Yongdamsagan-Tang and Paljung-san, along with the drug finasteride, can reduce inflammation and may work together without affecting each other's effectiveness against benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Sodium valproate caused vomiting in 20% of children under 2 years old, with other side effects like hair loss and loss of appetite also noted.

Saw palmetto extract may help with hair loss and acne but needs more research on safety and long-term effects.

Diagnosing and treating PCOS in teenagers is difficult, and the focus is on lifestyle changes and medication to improve health and prevent future issues.

Women with PCOS face higher risks of diabetes and heart disease, and these risks increase with obesity.

Turning white fat into brown-like fat could help fight obesity and type 2 diabetes.

Disrupting natural body clocks increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.

The document concludes that diagnosing PCOS in teenagers is difficult and should focus on specific hormone levels and menstrual irregularities, while also considering treatment for symptoms and related health issues.

Pregnancy with Cushing's syndrome is rare and risky for both mother and baby, needing early diagnosis and treatment.

Testosterone therapy for transmasculine individuals is generally safe with medical supervision, improves mental health, and has mixed effects on physical health.

Manage women's cholesterol with diet, exercise, and careful treatment choices, especially during pregnancy, PCOS, and menopause.

The guideline recommends mental health involvement in diagnosing gender identity disorder and outlines hormone and surgical treatment protocols, emphasizing safety, informed consent, and long-term monitoring.

Women with PCOS should be screened for heart disease risk and manage their health to prevent it.

Insulin sensitizers may slightly reduce hirsutism but are less effective than other treatments.

Women with type 1 diabetes often have polycystic ovary syndrome and excess male hormones, which are frequently undiagnosed.

Blocking the enzyme 11β-HSD1 might help treat obesity and metabolic issues.

Female pattern hair loss is common, linked to polycystic ovarian syndrome, and treated with topical Minoxidil.