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The document concludes that treating female hair loss should target reducing excess androgen and blocking its effects on hair follicles, with the best treatments being hormonal therapy, adrenal suppression, and topical minoxidil.

Blocking 5α-reductase can harm memory and brain structure, and increase harmful brain changes in male mice used for Alzheimer's disease research.

Sex hormones, especially estradiol, can change chicken feather shapes and colors.

Genomic approach finds new possible treatments for hair loss.

The new test can measure very small amounts of testosterone in hair, and grinding the hair up first gives more accurate results.

Men are more likely to have severe respiratory viral infections like COVID-19 due to hormonal and genetic differences, while women generally have stronger immune responses.

Certain genetic variations in OCT1 may improve insulin sensitivity with metformin in women with PCOS.

Female mice with disrupted 5α-reductase 1 had significant metabolic issues, including stress response problems, insulin resistance, liver fat buildup, and obesity.

Nandrolone might increase muscle mass with fewer side effects than testosterone but could cause erectile dysfunction and needs more research.

New treatments for prostate cancer and BPH show promise, including novel compounds that target hormone synthesis and response.

Estrogens are key for bone growth spurts in both boys and girls and affect growth into adulthood.

Short telomeres contribute to aging and cancer, and while telomerase can delay aging, it may also promote cancer.

Spironolactone works well for acne and hirsutism, isotretinoin is very effective for acne and may have antiandrogenic effects, and 5 alpha-reductase inhibitors should be considered antiandrogens.

Immunizing goats against melatonin can temporarily change their cashmere growth cycles and increase fleece production.

The document concludes that the hCG protocol may help in obesity treatment and could be scientifically justified, but more research is needed.

New ABCA12 gene mutations were linked to a skin condition with scaling and hair loss, and a treatment helped with hair loss in a related case.

About 20% of Japanese macaques had head alopecia, and stress and environment might cause hair loss.

Biotin supplements improved skin and hair problems in a girl with biotinidase deficiency.

Finasteride may cause kidney damage.

Bisphenol-A (BPA) increases connections between brain cells and boosts their activity, but it blocks the effects of a male hormone on brain cell plasticity.

PCOS is a long-term condition that needs more research for better understanding and treatment.

Melatonin implants can change the seasonal prolactin levels and hair growth in adult cashmere goats but not in juveniles, and don't delay spring moult for better fiber harvesting.

Clascoterone is a new, effective, and safe acne treatment without systemic side effects.

Finasteride use can cause lasting negative effects like sexual dysfunction, depression, anxiety, and cognitive issues.

Mutations in the CYP21A2 gene are not a major factor in causing PCOS.

Antiandrogens are the main treatment for hirsutism, with individualized care and safe, affordable options needed.

The document concludes that treating androgen excess needs patience, managing expectations is important, and many drugs used are not officially approved, suggesting cosmetic options for mild cases.

Hair loss has many causes and treatments, and losing some hair daily is normal; proper diagnosis is key, and minoxidil can help treat it.

Different levels of anti-Müllerian hormone can help diagnose polycystic ovary syndrome in women of different ages.

Urologic diseases and treatments in older men can negatively affect fertility, and doctors should talk to patients about this.