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Modulating BMP activity changes the number, size, shape, and type of ectodermal organs.

5α-reductase is essential for male sexual development and its inhibitors have potential in treating various conditions related to hormone action.

The document concludes that proper diagnosis and a multidisciplinary approach are crucial for managing Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia effectively.

Testosterone therapy is generally safe for transmen, improves sexual function, and has manageable health risks with proper monitoring.

A hair strand caused a rare case of limb strangulation in a teenage girl with autism, and the condition is not always linked to child abuse.

Hair-thread Tourniquet Syndrome, where hair or thread tightly wraps around a body part, is not rare and requires early detection to prevent serious damage.

Higher fluoride levels may delay puberty in boys.

A new mutation linked to partial Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome and prostate cancer was found in a patient unhappy with their female gender assignment.

The document does not determine if adults with aphallia are fertile.

A new genetic change causing early stop in the androgen receptor gene was found in a patient with androgen insensitivity syndrome.

Hair tourniquets on the clitoris are rare but can cause serious harm and should be removed quickly.

A man with both Klinefelter syndrome and primary hyperparathyroidism showed a rare combination of symptoms and genetic patterns.

Hormones, especially testosterone and DHT, are key for penis development and function, and testosterone therapy may help with erectile dysfunction in those with low levels.

5AR inhibitors like finasteride and dutasteride improve hair growth and slow hair loss in male pattern baldness.

Finasteride causes sperm production decrease in Mesocricetus auratus.

The report suggests a possible link between hair loss and hidden scalp tumors but states more evidence is needed to confirm this.

5-alpha reductase deficiency leads to male sexual development issues and treatments like finasteride help with prostate enlargement and hair loss.

Women with excess body hair feel psychological distress influenced by societal beauty standards, but distress isn't directly linked to the amount of hair.

Pregnancy often causes skin changes like darkening, stretch marks, and hair growth, which may improve after childbirth.

Dihydrotestosterone increases the activity of an enzyme in pubic skin cells that converts testosterone to dihydrotestosterone.

Excessive hair growth in women often has no known cause and is not linked to race or other hormonal symptoms.

No consistent link between genotype and phenotype in 5-α-Reductase type 2 deficiency.

Skin problems can be linked to sexual abuse, requiring careful medical and psychological evaluation.

Using buccal mucosa for hypospadias repair in children is effective and reduces complications.

Dihydrotestosterone treatment can help penis growth in boys with 5α-reductase deficiency but doesn't fully normalize size after puberty.

Healthcare providers need better understanding and cultural sensitivity to improve care for transgender patients with kidney failure needing transplants.

Hirsutism is too much hair growth in women like the pattern in men, often caused by high male hormones, and can be treated with hormone control and hair removal methods.

Women with nonclassic congenital adrenal hyperplasia experience more sexual dysfunction and distress.

Finasteride lowers DHT levels and raises testosterone in a dose-dependent way.

An elderly man with dementia suffered limb damage from rubber bands around his leg, highlighting the need for careful monitoring to prevent such injuries.