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This study found that combining flutamide with an oral contraceptive significantly reduced hirsutism, acne, and seborrhea in patients after seven months, without significant side effects.

This review discusses sex-based differences in immune responses, focusing on genetic, hormonal, and microbiome factors influencing infections like COVID-19, and reports no clinical results.

This study found that oral finasteride 1 mg/day promotes hair growth and prevents further hair loss in a significant proportion of men with male pattern hair loss over two years.

Finasteride effectively inhibits 5α reductase, while plant extracts like Permixon and Bazoton don't show significant results.

In this study, the researchers observed that treatment with intralesional and topical corticosteroids, finasteride, and minoxidil may stop the progression of frontal fibrosing alopecia in postmenopausal and premenopausal women.

This study found that women with polycystic ovary syndrome have a higher prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and increased androgen bioavailability may be involved alongside metabolic factors.

This study found that approximately 75% of women with PCOS exhibited hyperandrogenemia, with free testosterone being the most frequently elevated marker.

This review discusses the role of hormones in acne vulgaris and highlights the need for further research on their mechanisms of action; it reports no new clinical results.

This study found that combining liraglutide with metformin led to greater weight loss and waist circumference reduction than either treatment alone in obese women with PCOS resistant to metformin monotherapy.

This study highlights the potential increased frequency of advanced liver disease in obese PCOS patients with NAFLD and underscores the importance of lifestyle modifications as initial treatment.

This review examines the adaptive value and mechanisms of seasonal coat colour moulting in birds and mammals, highlighting the challenge of camouflage mismatch and the necessity for evolutionary adaptation under climate change.

This study found that all four treatments—flutamide, finasteride, ketoconazole, and EE-CPA—significantly reduced hirsutism, but EE-CPA and flutamide appeared most effective, with varying effects on androgen levels and side-effect profiles.

Minoxidil is the only FDA-approved topical drug for treating male or female pattern hair loss, and other medications like finasteride and dutasteride can also increase hair growth.

This study found that testosterone therapy in trans men increased facial and body hair growth while the prevalence and severity of acne peaked at 6 months but were primarily mild after long-term treatment.

Dihydrotestosterone gel improved well-being and sexual function in older men without negatively affecting prostate health.

This study suggests that melatonin plays a role in hair follicle function by modulating growth and pigmentation, and it may act as a protective agent in active hair growth phases.

Women with epilepsy should be monitored for reproductive issues, which can be caused by epilepsy or its treatments, especially when using valproate.

This study found that ethinylestradiol and high-dose cyproterone acetate significantly reduced hirsutism scores and were effective for treating acne and alopecia in women with hyperandrogenism.

This study concluded that daily treatment with 1 mg finasteride did not affect spermatogenesis or semen production in young men and had small, reversible effects on prostate volume and serum PSA.

This review discusses the multifactorial etiology of hypospadias, including genetic predispositions and possible environmental factors, and highlights the need for further studies on genetic and environmental contributions to its increasing prevalence, without presenting new findings.

This review discusses the role of 5α-reductase enzymes in androgen action and related disorders, noting that their specific inhibitory drugs show promise for conditions like benign prostatic hypertrophy; it reports no new clinical results.

This review covers the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency and reports no new findings.

This article reviews how various hormones may affect female sexual function and provides recommendations for diagnosing and treating endocrinologic sexual difficulties, but it reports no new clinical results.

This paper discusses polycystic ovary syndrome with a focus on androgen excess as the primary symptom and notes that insulin resistance may contribute to it in many patients, but provides no new research findings.

This study determined that an mFG score of 5 or greater defines hirsutism among Southern Chinese women, with prevalence and score thresholds decreasing with age.

This review explores the hormonal regulation of hair growth and changes with season, age, and sexual development, and calls for improved treatments for hair disorders.

This review explores the role of hormones in pilosebaceous units and associated skin disorders, focusing on androgen action, without presenting new clinical findings.

This article reviews the diagnosis and treatment approaches for cutaneous manifestations of PCOS, reporting on various treatment options without presenting new clinical results.

This review discusses the hormonal influences on acne's development in women and the therapeutic potential of hormonal treatments, but it reports no new clinical results.

This review discusses the high prevalence of androgen excess and PCOS in women with type 1 diabetes but reports no new clinical findings; the authors highlight the underdiagnosis of hyperandrogenism in these patients.