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Glossary Eyelashes

short, curved hairs growing at eyelid edges for eye protection

Eyelashes are the short, curved hairs that grow at the edge of the eyelids. They serve a protective function by preventing dust, debris, and small particles from entering the eye, and they also trigger a reflexive blink response when touched, further safeguarding the eye. For professionals, it's noteworthy that eyelashes have a growth cycle similar to scalp hair, consisting of anagen (growth), catagen (transitional), and telogen (resting) phases, which can be relevant in diagnosing and treating conditions like madarosis (loss of eyelashes) or trichotillomania (compulsive pulling of eyelashes).

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Hypertrichosis and Increased Pigmentation of Eyelashes and Adjacent Hair in the Region of the Ipsilateral Eyelids of Patients Treated with Unilateral Topical Latanoprost

research Hypertrichosis and Increased Pigmentation of Eyelashes and Adjacent Hair in the Region of the Ipsilateral Eyelids of Patients Treated with Unilateral Topical Latanoprost

216 citations , October 1997 in “American Journal of Ophthalmology”

This study found that unilateral topical latanoprost use for glaucoma was associated with hypertrichosis and increased pigmentation of eyelashes in the treated eye compared to the untreated eye.

research Enhancing the Growth of Natural Eyelashes: The Mechanism of Bimatoprost-Induced Eyelash Growth

69 citations , April 2010 in “Dermatologic Surgery”

This review discusses the safety and efficacy of bimatoprost ophthalmic solution 0.03% for enhancing eyelash growth by influencing the eyelash hair cycle and follicles, and it reports no new results.

research Bimatoprost in the treatment of eyelash hypotrichosis

69 citations , April 2010 in “Clinical ophthalmology”

This article reviews the use of bimatoprost for eyelash hypotrichosis and reports its effectiveness in promoting eyelash growth but highlights uncertain efficacy in cases of eyelash alopecia areata.

Development of Clinician-Reported Outcome and Patient-Reported Outcome Measures for Eyebrow, Eyelash, and Nail Assessment in Alopecia Areata

research Development of Clinician-Reported Outcome (ClinRO) and Patient-Reported Outcome (PRO) Measures for Eyebrow, Eyelash and Nail Assessment in Alopecia Areata

56 citations , August 2020 in “American Journal of Clinical Dermatology”

This study concluded that the ClinRO and PRO measures, along with their photoguides, offer clear and meaningful assessments for patients with alopecia areata concerning eyebrow, eyelash, and nail appearance, as well as eye irritation.

Lack of Efficacy of Topical Latanoprost and Bimatoprost Ophthalmic Solutions in Promoting Eyelash Growth in Patients with Alopecia Areata

research Lack of efficacy of topical latanoprost and bimatoprost ophthalmic solutions in promoting eyelash growth in patients with alopecia areata

55 citations , March 2009 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

This study found that latanoprost and bimatoprost, when applied cutaneously to the eyelids, did not induce appreciable eyelash regrowth in patients with alopecia areata over 16 weeks.

research Latanoprost in the treatment of eyelash alopecia in alopecia areata universalis

50 citations , December 2009 in “Journal of The European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology”

This study found that latanoprost may be effective for treating eyelash alopecia areata, achieving cosmetically acceptable regrowth in 45% of patients.

research Method to Identify Demodex in the Eyelash Follicle Without Epilation

39 citations , May 2013 in “Optometry and vision science”

This monograph outlines a new method for identifying Demodex mites in eyelashes without epilation by rotating the eyelash within its follicle.

research Bimatoprost for the treatment of eyelash, eyebrow and scalp alopecia

38 citations , March 2017 in “Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs”

This review examines the potential of bimatoprost for treating various types of eyelash and eyebrow hypotrichosis, discussing its pharmacological properties but providing no new clinical results.

Long-Term Safety and Efficacy of Bimatoprost Solution 0.03% Application to the Eyelid Margin for the Treatment of Idiopathic and Chemotherapy-Induced Eyelash Hypotrichosis: A Randomized Controlled Trial

research Long‐term safety and efficacy of bimatoprost solution 0·03% application to the eyelid margin for the treatment of idiopathic and chemotherapy‐induced eyelash hypotrichosis: a randomized controlled trial

38 citations , October 2014 in “British journal of dermatology/British journal of dermatology, Supplement”

The study found that daily use of bimatoprost ophthalmic solution 0.03% for one year was effective in improving eyelash growth and patient satisfaction in both idiopathic and chemotherapy-induced hypotrichosis, with no serious drug-related adverse events reported.

research Bimatoprost in the treatment of eyelash universalis alopecia areata

37 citations , January 2010 in “International Journal of Trichology”

In this 1-year study of patients with alopecia areata universalis, researchers found that 0.03% topical bimatoprost led to an acceptable cosmetic response in 43.24% of participants.

research Characterization of anin vivomodel for the study of eyelash biology and trichomegaly: mouse eyelash morphology, development, growth cycle, and anagen prolongation by bimatoprost

35 citations , March 2010 in “British journal of dermatology/British journal of dermatology, Supplement”

This study demonstrates that mouse eyelashes can effectively model human eyelash growth to analyze morphology, development, and the effects of growth-stimulatory agents like bimatoprost.

research Biology of the eyelash hair follicle: an enigma in plain sight

34 citations , October 2015 in “British journal of dermatology/British journal of dermatology, Supplement”

This review synthesizes current knowledge on eyelash hair follicles, highlighting gaps in understanding their biology and proposing future research directions; it reports no new experimental findings.

research Cetuximab-Associated Elongation of the Eyelashes

30 citations , August 2010 in “American Journal of Clinical Dermatology”

This article reviews eyelash elongation as a side effect of EGFR inhibitors in cancer treatment, finding that the condition is typically not severe and may be managed by trimming.

research Instilled bimatoprost ophthalmic solution in patients with eyelash alopecia areata

30 citations , August 2009 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology”

This study found that while bimatoprost was safe for 16 weeks, it was not effective for eyelash growth in patients with significant loss due to alopecia areata, though some with less loss experienced growth.

research Eyelash Growth from Application of Bimatoprost in Gel Suspension to the Base of the Eyelashes

29 citations , May 2010 in “Ophthalmology”

Bimatoprost gel makes eyelashes grow longer, but may cause side effects and should be monitored by an eye doctor.

research The eyelash follicle features and anomalies: A review

27 citations , July 2018 in “Journal of optometry”

This review discusses the biology, pathophysiology, and management of eyelash anomalies, highlighting the need for more research into eyelash mechanisms and care, and reports no new clinical results.

research Isolated eyebrow and eyelash trichotillomania mimicking alopecia areata

27 citations , February 2006 in “International Journal of Dermatology”

This study concluded that isolated trichotillomania of the eyebrows and eyelashes, identified by specific hair characteristics, may be linked to underlying obsessive-compulsive disorders in affected patients.

research Topical tofacitinib solution for the treatment of alopecia areata affecting eyelashes

24 citations , October 2018 in “JAAD Case Reports”

This paper reviews the challenges of treating alopecia areata affecting eyelashes and discusses the risks associated with traditional therapies; it reports no new clinical results.

research Eyelash trichomegaly: review of congenital, acquired, and drug‐associated etiologies for elongation of the eyelashes

24 citations , May 2012 in “International Journal of Dermatology”

This review discusses the various causes and associations of eyelash trichomegaly, including congenital syndromes, acquired conditions, and drug effects, without reporting new clinical results.

research Management of hypotrichosis of the eyelashes: Focus on bimatoprost

23 citations , April 2010 in “Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology”

This review discusses the cutaneous application of bimatoprost ophthalmic solution 0.03% for enhancing upper eyelash growth and suggests it is both safe and effective; no new clinical results are reported.

research Periocular pigmentation associated with use of travoprost for the treatment of alopecia areata of the eyelashes

21 citations , January 2007 in “Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology”

This study reports that periocular pigmentation may occur with the use of travoprost for treating alopecia areata of the eyelashes.

research The efficacy of latanoprost in the treatment of alopecia areata of eyelashes and eyebrows

20 citations , November 2009 in “European Journal of Dermatology”

This study found that topical latanoprost was not effective in treating alopecia areata in eyebrows and eyelashes.

research An evaluation of the safety and efficacy of bimatoprost for eyelash growth in pediatric subjects

16 citations , March 2016 in “Clinical ophthalmology”

In this study, bimatoprost 0.03% was effective and well-tolerated for improving eyelash hypotrichosis in healthy adolescents, but not for those with the condition due to chemotherapy or alopecia areata.

research Eyelash Length in Children and Adolescents with Allergic Diseases

16 citations , September 2004 in “Pediatric dermatology”

This study found that children and adolescents with allergic diseases have significantly longer eyelashes compared to nonallergic controls.

research A Technique for Reconstruction of Eyebrows and Eyelashes

15 citations , May 2005 in “Seminars in Plastic Surgery”

This article details techniques for eyebrow and eyelash reconstruction surgery with hair follicular unit transplantation but reports no new clinical results; the author describes the advantages over other methods.

Successful Use of Bimatoprost in the Treatment of Eyelash Alopecia

research Successful use of bimatoprost in the treatment of alopecia of the eyelashes

15 citations , November 2009 in “Clinical and Experimental Dermatology”

This case study describes a 16-year-old girl with alopecia areata affecting her eyelashes and eyebrows, who showed very limited response to treatment with topical mometasone furoate and subsequent partial hair loss upon stopping the treatment.

research Eyelash Transplantation Using Leg Hair by Follicular Unit Extraction

13 citations , March 2015 in “Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open”

In this case report, eyelash transplantation with leg hair resulted in less frequent maintenance and no need for perming compared to using nape hair donor sources.

Effects of a New Eyelid Shampoo on Lid Hygiene and Eyelash Length in Patients with Meibomian Gland Dysfunction: A Comparative Open Study

research Effects of a New Eyelid Shampoo on Lid Hygiene and Eyelash Length in Patients with Meibomian Gland Dysfunction: A Comparative Open Study

13 citations , January 2016 in “Journal of Ophthalmology”

This study found that using the novel eyelid shampoo ESL improved eyelid hygiene, reduced dry eye symptoms in meibomian gland dysfunction patients, and increased eyelash length over 8 weeks.

research Follicular Isolation Technique with De-Epithelialization for Eyebrow and Eyelash Reconstruction

12 citations , September 2012 in “Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery”

This study found that combining follicular isolation with de-epithelialization in eyebrow and eyelash transplantation led to better outcomes and fewer complications than using follicular isolation alone.

research Cetuximab-induced hypertrichosis of the scalp and eyelashes

12 citations , February 2010 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

This article discusses the use of cetuximab for recurrent squamous cell skin cancer in palliative care, noting good responses but frequent cutaneous side effects; it presents no new findings.