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This study found that 15 clinical trials have been registered to investigate the use of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes for treating skin and subcutaneous tissue diseases, particularly alopecia, with a growing global interest and most trials conducted in the United States and China.

In this study, researchers suggested that adipose-derived exosomes could be a promising treatment option for lichen planopilaris, particularly in cases resistant to standard therapies, by potentially aiding in symptom management and hair preservation.

In this study, PRP-derived exosomes significantly outperformed minoxidil in promoting hair regeneration in a murine model of androgenetic alopecia, with the combination of both treatments showing enhanced follicular regeneration and increased markers of tissue proliferation and Wnt signaling pathway activity.

In this study, hemp seed-derived exosomes (E40) showed potential for counteracting DHT-induced inhibition of feather follicle development in chicken embryos by modulating critical signaling pathways, suggesting a therapeutic approach for alopecia.

This study found that exosomes from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells significantly promoted hair follicle growth and enhanced the transition to the growth phase in a model of androgenetic alopecia, by enriching specific microRNAs that activate key pathways involved in hair regeneration.

This analysis found that mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes show potential as a safe and effective treatment for various skin and subcutaneous tissue diseases.

This study reported that exosomes derived from human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSC-exo) accelerated hair growth in androgenetic alopecia mice by enhancing signals between hair follicle cells and improving cellular environments, particularly protecting against dihydrotestosterone-induced damage via Wnt/β-catenin signaling.

This study reported that intradermal injections of stem cell exosomes appeared safe and significantly improved hair density and diameter in male androgenetic alopecia patients over 24 weeks, suggesting the therapy may be a promising new treatment option worthy of further investigation.

This study found that exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells primed with rapamycin significantly enhanced hair regrowth, hair density, and hair follicle development in depilation-induced mice compared to controls, suggesting a potential therapeutic approach for hair loss.

In this study, the researchers reported that a novel exosome-based treatment, EX104, effectively reversed hair follicle miniaturization and promoted hair growth in a mouse model of androgenetic alopecia, showing results comparable to minoxidil and surpassing it in stimulating capillary growth and follicular proliferation.

This study found that the multifunctional exosome-based delivery platform EX104 reversed hair follicle miniaturization and promoted hair growth in a mouse model of androgenetic alopecia, performing comparably to minoxidil while also enhancing capillary growth and follicular proliferation.

This study discusses the potential of exosomes from human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in enhancing dermal papilla cell proliferation via the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, suggesting a novel treatment approach for androgenetic alopecia by counteracting excessive dihydrotestosterone effects.

This study found that PRP-Exos may stimulate hair follicle growth and enhance regeneration in cases of AGA by activating the Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway, showing potential both in vitro and in vivo.

In this chicken embryo study, E40 hemp seed callus-derived exosomes counteracted DHT-induced inhibition of hair follicle development, suggesting potential for alopecia treatment and hair follicle regeneration.

This study found that human adipose-derived MSC exosomes (hADSC-Exos) may enhance dermal papillary cell proliferation and migration by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, potentially reversing the effects of dihydrotestosterone in androgenetic alopecia.

This report describes an eight-year-old girl with severe hair shaft abnormalities who showed significant improvement after a single session of adipose tissue–derived exosome therapy, highlighting its potential as an innovative treatment option and the need for further studies to confirm its efficacy and safety.

This study found that exosomes from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells reduced oxidative stress and inflammation in UVB-induced skin injury in cell and mouse models, suggesting their potential for treating UV-damaged skin by influencing Nrf2 and NF-κB pathways.

In this case series, mesenchymal stem cell exosomes were reported to improve hair length, density, pigmentation, and cuticle layer recovery in three patients with acquired trichorrhexis nodosa, suggesting potential as a therapeutic approach for this hair condition.

This randomized control trial reported that mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes significantly increased hair density and thickness in patients with androgenic alopecia, with a mean increase of 35 hairs/cm² over 12 weeks compared to the placebo group, which showed minimal hair density changes.

This case study suggests that rose stem cell-derived exosomes, administered via noninvasive electroporation, may promote hair regeneration in androgenetic alopecia; larger studies are needed to confirm these findings.

In this study, human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes were found to promote the growth of human hair dermal papilla cells, partly by enhancing AKT-dependent signaling pathways, suggesting a potential role in treating hair loss.

This study reported that adipose stem cell exosomes, combined with microneedling, improved facial skin wrinkles, elasticity, hydration, and pigmentation compared to a placebo, with significant results on the Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale and no serious adverse events noted in treated individuals.

This study using human and animal models found that adipose-derived stem cell exosomes promoted hair growth and counteracted dihydrotestosterone's inhibitory effects, suggesting potential therapeutic applications for androgenetic alopecia.

This study showed that exosomes from hyaluronic acid-primed induced mesenchymal stem cells promote hair growth by enhancing proliferation and migration of hair follicle dermal papilla cells and modulating key growth factors and signaling pathways, potentially counteracting the effects of DHT-induced hair loss.

This article highlights exosome-based targeted drug delivery using DARPin G3 proteins as a promising approach for treating aggressive HER2-positive breast cancer but reports no new clinical results.

This study found that adipose-derived stem cell exosomes increased dermal papilla cell proliferation and elevated proteins linked to hair follicle inducibility in vitro.

This study found that exosomes from hyaluronic acid-primed mesenchymal stem cells may promote hair growth in androgenetic alopecia by improving hair follicle cell function and restoring key signaling pathways disrupted by DHT.

This study found that exosomes from adipose mesenchymal stromal cells, particularly those carrying miR-122-5p, may enhance hair follicle regeneration in androgenic alopecia by targeting the TGF-β/SMAD3 axis.

This study identified the Arabidopsis cation chloride cotransporter CCC1 as essential for regulating pH and function in the trans-Golgi network/early endosome, with its absence causing significant growth and stress response defects.

This study found that the Arabidopsis cation chloride cotransporter (CCC1) is crucial for regulating pH and processes in the trans-Golgi-network/early endosome, impacting plant growth and stress responses.