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The article concludes that global standardization in PCOS research is crucial for accurate diagnosis and understanding of the condition.

Obesity changes androgen levels in women with PCOS, leading to higher testosterone relative to androstenedione.

The document concludes that a systematic approach is crucial to identify causes of androgen excess in women beyond the most common cause, Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

New treatments for excessive hair growth in women include insulin modulators and enzyme inhibitors.

High levels of male hormones in women without tumors are linked to metabolic problems and can be treated with metformin.

About 5% of Thai university girls aged 17-19 have polycystic ovary syndrome, with moderate acne being a strong risk factor.

The study found a significant link between the renin-angiotensin system and insulin resistance in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

A postmenopausal woman's hair loss and excess hair growth improved after surgery for ovarian hyperthecosis.

Skin and nail problems like hair loss, dry skin, and fungal infections are common in people with long-term Type 2 Diabetes and can be prevented with good blood sugar control and foot care.

A small number of premenopausal female blood donors had high prolactin levels, often due to stress, and retesting is recommended to prevent misdiagnosis.

Many alopecia patients have undetected thyroid abnormalities that can be found through physical exams.

Both treatments reduced excessive hair growth in PCOS, but there was no difference in weight, hair score, hormone levels, or insulin resistance.

Transvaginal hydrolaparoscopy is effective for increasing ovulation and pregnancy rates in women with PCOS who didn't respond to clomiphene.

Different types of PCOS in Chinese Han women show varying levels of male hormone and metabolic issues.

More than half of patients who had acromegaly surgery experienced hair loss, with varying degrees of recovery.

Young women with PCOS and no other heart risk factors have normal heart function.

A woman was the first known case to have both polycystic ovary syndrome and autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 2, suggesting a need to check for both conditions in similar patients.

The document concludes that treating androgen excess needs patience, managing expectations is important, and many drugs used are not officially approved, suggesting cosmetic options for mild cases.

Free Testosterone Index, bioavailable testosterone, and androstenedione are the most accurate for diagnosing excess male hormones in PCOS.

Cyproterone acetate is the preferred treatment for women's hyperandrogenism when estrogen/progestogen use is safe.

Flutamide, an antiandrogen, has minimal impact on female rat endocrine systems and does not significantly change their reproductive cycles.

LC-MS/MS is more reliable than immunoassays for diagnosing 21-hydroxylase deficiency.

Darkened knuckles can be an early sign of insulin resistance.

ADT-G may be a useful indicator of increased androgen levels in women with acne and can be lowered with certain birth control pills.

PSA levels are higher in women with PCOS, but FAI is a more accurate marker for diagnosis.

Relatives of women with PCOS symptoms are more likely to have similar health issues.

Measuring plasma testosterone glucosiduronate is a reliable way to detect high male hormone levels in women.

Postmenopausal women with past hirsutism or irregular periods have more heart and lung diseases.

Triptorelin helps evaluate hormone production in Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors.