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GlossaryCyclooxygenase-2

enzyme involved in inflammation and pain production

Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in the inflammatory process by converting arachidonic acid into prostaglandins, which are compounds that mediate inflammation and pain. Unlike its counterpart COX-1, which is expressed constantly in most tissues, COX-2 is typically induced during inflammation and is a target for anti-inflammatory drugs like NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs).

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Diphlorethohydroxycarmalol, Isolated from Ishige okamurae, Increases Prostaglandin E<sub>2</sub>through the Expression of Cyclooxygenase-1 and -2 in HaCaT Human Keratinocytes

research Diphlorethohydroxycarmalol, Isolated from Ishige okamurae, Increases Prostaglandin E₂through the Expression of Cyclooxygenase-1 and -2 in HaCaT Human Keratinocytes

9 citations , November 2012 in “Biomolecules & therapeutics”

A compound from brown algae boosts the production of a certain inflammatory substance in skin cells.

research Expression Pattern of Cyclooxygenase-2 in Normal Rat Epidermis and Pilosebaceous Unit during Hair Cycle

9 citations , January 2008 in “Acta histochemica et cytochemica”

COX-2 levels change during the hair cycle and affect skin and hair growth.

research Re: Associations Between Variants in the Cyclooxygenase 2 Enzyme Gene (PTGS2) and Development of Benign Prostate Enlargement

November 2012 in “The Journal of Urology”

Certain gene variants may raise the risk of prostate enlargement, but taking NSAIDs could reduce this risk.

research 607 Cutaneous overexpression of cyclooxygenase-2 models androgenetic alopecia in adult mice

May 2021 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Cyclooxygenase-2 overexpression in mice skin causes hair loss like human androgenetic alopecia.

research Wound Healing Impairment in Type 2 Diabetes Model of Leptin-Deficient Mice—A Mechanistic Systematic Review

10 citations , August 2022 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences”

Leptin-deficient mice, used as a model for Type 2 Diabetes, have delayed wound healing due to impaired contraction and other dysfunctional cellular responses.

research Cyclooxygenases in the skin: pharmacological and toxicological implications

165 citations , November 2003 in “Toxicology and applied pharmacology”

Blocking COX, especially COX-2, in the skin can reduce inflammation and pain and may help prevent skin cancer.

research Eupafolin nanoparticles protect HaCaT keratinocytes from particulate matter-induced inflammation and oxidative stress

43 citations , August 2016 in “International Journal of Nanomedicine”

Eupafolin nanoparticles help protect skin cells from damage caused by air pollution.

research UV light may induce hypertrichosis through production of PGE2

7 citations , January 2007 in “Medical hypotheses”

UV light might cause excessive hair growth by increasing PGE2 in the skin.

research A new target for squamous cell skin cancer?

6 citations , January 2015 in “Experimental Dermatology”

Prostaglandins and the enzyme AKR1C3 could play a role in skin cancer and hair loss, and further research is needed to understand these mechanisms.

research 878 Influence of bovine milk oligosaccharides on sebocyte lipid content and inflammatory mediators

May 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Cow milk sugars increase fat production and inflammation in skin oil cells.

research Functional Characterization of Callus Extracts of Apple 'Hirosaki' for Cosmetic Materials

August 2013 in “Han'gug saengmul gonghag hoeji/KSBB journal”

Apple 'Hirosaki' callus extracts may improve wrinkles, stimulate hair growth, and have anti-inflammatory effects for use in cosmetics.

research Health and fertility in World Health Organization group 2 anovulatory women

88 citations , May 2012 in “Human Reproduction Update”

Women with PCOS may take longer to get pregnant but can have a normal family size, and should manage their overall health to reduce long-term health risks.

research Expression of COX-2 and Bcl-2 in 50 patients of Lichen Planus

April 2020 in “International journal of clinical and diagnostic pathology”

COX-2 and Bcl-2 proteins are involved in Lichen Planus.

research Resveratrol derivatives: a patent review (2009 – 2012)

28 citations , September 2013 in “Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents”

New resveratrol-related compounds show promise for treating various health issues but need more research for clinical use.

research Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, February 13–16, 2013

4 citations , June 2013 in “The Journal of Rheumatology”

The document concludes that various findings in rheumatology offer insights into disease severity, treatment responses, and potential risks in medication, with some limitations due to unspecified participant numbers.

research Biological Activities of 2,3,5,4′-Tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-Glucoside in Antiaging and Antiaging-Related Disease Treatments

43 citations , January 2016 in “Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity”

THSG from a Chinese plant helps with aging and related diseases.

research The Browning of White Adipose Tissue: Some Burning Issues

437 citations , September 2014 in “Cell metabolism”

Turning white fat into brown-like fat could help fight obesity and type 2 diabetes.

924 Efficient genome editing using CRISPR/Cas9 ribonucleoprotein approach in iPS cells for recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa

research 924 Efficient genome editing using CRISPR/Cas9 ribonucleoprotein approach in iPS cells for recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa

May 2019 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Researchers fixed gene mutations causing a skin disease in stem cells, which then improved skin grafts in mice.

Down-regulation of genes related to photoaging and inflammation in UVBirradiated mice premature skin photoaging by linoleic acid-rich tempeh oil

research Down-regulation of genes related to photoaging and inflammation in UVBirradiated mice premature skin photoaging by linoleic acid-rich tempeh oil

1 citations , June 2019 in “Food Research”

Tempeh oil rich in linoleic acid may protect against skin aging caused by UV light.

research Fatty acids and related lipid mediators in the regulation of cutaneous inflammation

28 citations , January 2018 in “Biochemical Society Transactions”

Certain fats in the skin help control inflammation and health, and changing these fats through diet or supplements might treat skin inflammation.

research Facile One-Pot Synthesis of Substituted Hydantoins from Carbamates

3 citations , August 2017 in “Synlett”

Scientists in India found a safer and efficient way to make a type of medicine called hydantoins from carbamates, which also worked well in making the seizure medicine, Ethotoin.

research Cutaneous and Mucosal Lichen Planus: A Comprehensive Review of Clinical Subtypes, Risk Factors, Diagnosis, and Prognosis

291 citations , January 2014 in “The Scientific World Journal”

Lichen Planus is a less common condition affecting skin and mucous membranes, with various types and associated risk factors, challenging to diagnose, significantly impacts life quality, and may have a risk of cancerous changes in oral lesions.

research Erectile Dysfunction in Young Men—A Review of the Prevalence and Risk Factors

176 citations , October 2017 in “Sexual Medicine Reviews”

Erectile dysfunction is increasingly common in men under 40, with many physical and psychological causes, and various treatment options available.

research Wound Healing and the Use of Medicinal Plants

170 citations , September 2019 in “Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine”

Some medicinal plants can help heal wounds and may lead to new treatments.

Effects of Turmeric (<scp><i>Curcuma longa</i></scp>) on Skin Health: A Systematic Review of the Clinical Evidence

research Effects of Turmeric (Curcuma longa) on Skin Health: A Systematic Review of the Clinical Evidence

136 citations , May 2016 in “Phytotherapy Research”

Turmeric may have benefits for skin health, but more research is needed to confirm its effectiveness.

research Obesity and the skin

128 citations , September 2011 in “British Journal of Dermatology”

Obesity is linked to various skin problems and may increase the risk of skin cancer.

Neurosteroidogenesis Today: Novel Targets for Neuroactive Steroid Synthesis and Action and Their Relevance for Translational Research

research Neurosteroidogenesis Today: Novel Targets for Neuroactive Steroid Synthesis and Action and Their Relevance for Translational Research

123 citations , February 2016 in “Journal of Neuroendocrinology”

New targets for making and using brain-synthesized steroids could lead to better treatments for brain disorders and alcoholism.

research Cell death in the skin

120 citations , February 2009 in “Apoptosis”

Understanding how cells die in the skin is important for treating skin diseases and preventing hair loss.

research Development and homeostasis of the sebaceous gland

107 citations , October 2012 in “Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology”

The document concludes that understanding the sebaceous gland's development and function is key to addressing related skin diseases and aging effects.

research Anti-cancer properties of olive oil secoiridoid phenols: a systematic review of in vivo studies

104 citations , January 2016 in “Food & Function”

Olive oil compounds may help prevent cancer in animals, but human results are mixed.