This study observed that testosterone combined with hormonal contraceptives elevated hormones like estrone and testosterone, altered coagulation factors, and increased sexual behavior frequency in female capuchin monkeys.
May 2023 in “Animal Reproduction Update” This article reviews the use of hair cortisol concentration as a biomarker to assess long-term stress in both animals and humans, but it reports no new experimental results.
June 2026 in “Psychoneuroendocrinology” In this study involving patients with Multiple Sclerosis, higher hair cortisol levels and being Black were linked to poorer cognitive performance, while increased perceived stress and depression were associated with greater fatigue, highlighting distinct associations between objective and subjective stress measures and MS-related outcomes.
44 citations
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November 2018 in “Journal of applied ecology” This review discusses the use of hair analysis for examining stress and reproduction hormone levels in wildlife and highlights the need for more comprehensive physiological validations across species.
November 2023 in “Journal of animal science/Journal of animal science ... and ASAS reference compendium” In this study, researchers examined the genetic factors impacting cortisol and DHEA concentrations in the hair of healthy pigs; they found that cortisol levels were heritable and genetically correlated with behavioral stress responses, suggesting these hormones could potentially serve as indicators for selecting disease-resilient pigs.
In this study, a 37-year-old female with resistant hypertension and signs of Cushing's syndrome and primary aldosteronism was found to have normal cortisol levels but high levels of cortisol and aldosterone via adrenal venous sampling, leading to a diagnosis confirmed by right adrenalectomy.
22 citations
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February 2010 in “The Veterinary clinics of North America. Small animal practice/Veterinary clinics of North America. Small animal practice” This article reviews the evidence regarding the role of sex hormones in occult hyperadrenocorticism and reports no new findings, highlighting the unproven nature of their involvement.
175 citations
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January 2020 in “European Journal of Endocrinology” These guidelines recommend testing thyroid function in patients with obesity due to common hypothyroidism, and highlight that weight loss is crucial for addressing hormonal imbalances, with only modest weight loss benefits from treating endocrine disorders.
19 citations
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January 2017 in “Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation” This study found a high prevalence of hyperandrogenemia in women with PCOS, with distinct biochemical differences according to BMI and presence of hyperandrogenemia.
16 citations
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September 1990 in “Fertility and sterility” This study reported that ketoconazole may effectively normalize menstruation and reduce testosterone and hair growth in women with ovarian hyperandrogenism, though its safety needs further evaluation.
1 citations
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August 2015 in “PubMed” This case study reports an Asian female with congenital adrenal hyperplasia presenting atypically with polymenorrhagia, who showed improvement with oral dexamethasone, despite no change in hirsutism or clitoromegaly.
1 citations
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December 2018 in “Veterinary dermatology” This study documented that symmetrical, noninflammatory alopecia in schipperkes is associated with hormonal abnormalities and hair cycle arrest, resembling Alopecia X clinically and histologically.
December 2024 in “Journal of Clinical Research in Pediatric Endocrinology” This study explains that congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency presents as a continuous phenotype and involves symptoms ranging from virilization to accelerated growth in children, with diagnosis relying on clinical, biochemical, and genetic evaluation.
October 2012 in “Semina. Ciências Agrárias” This case report details a 7-year-old Shih Tzu with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism, where initial trilostane treatment did not improve skin conditions, necessitating a dosage increase.
December 2011 in “Korean journal of veterinary research” In this study, a dog with canine pattern alopecia showed improved multifocal alopecia and general hair regrowth after 3 months of melatonin treatment.
May 2021 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” This report presents a rare case of suspected 3β HSD deficiency in an adult female with symptoms like male pattern hair loss and low testosterone, suggesting a non-classical presentation.
January 2017 in “University journal of surgery and surgical specialities” This case study describes a rare steroid cell tumor of the ovary in a 42-year-old woman, highlighting its virilizing effects and the importance of thorough follow-up due to its potential for malignancy.
January 2013 in “Journal of Endocrinology and Diabetes Mellitus” This study found that men with Cushing syndrome often experience significant hypogonadism, with 65% reporting reduced libido and erectile dysfunction, indicating a need for screening in those with gynecomastia or hypogonadism.
This study examined serum PSA levels in women with androgenetic alopecia to evaluate their potential as a marker for androgen effects on target organs.
In this study, Diane treatment in women with androgenetic alopecia led to normalization of hormone levels and improved hair condition, including less greasiness and reduced hair loss.
78 citations
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November 2014 in “Functional Ecology” This study found that wolves in heavily hunted areas of Canada's tundra–taiga exhibited higher levels of stress and reproductive hormones, indicating social instability and increased reproductive effort due to human-caused mortality.
66 citations
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May 2014 in “Conservation Physiology” This study found that lower salmon availability was associated with higher stress hormone levels in grizzly and black bears, influencing their physiological responses and competitive behaviors.
33 citations
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January 2017 in “Conservation physiology” This study found that measuring reproductive hormone levels in brown bear hair may effectively support non-invasive genetic sampling, though larger samples or more sensitive techniques are needed for broader application.
10 citations
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December 1992 in “PubMed” This report of three cases found that diagnosing hypercortisolism during pregnancy can be challenging, but early detection using unbound steroid levels and MRI could prevent severe complications.
9 citations
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November 2022 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” This study found that LC-MS/MS assays provided more reliable and precise steroid measurements in human serum compared to traditional immunoassays, particularly at lower concentrations.
January 2026 in “AIMS Public Health” This abstract describes the approval of a study by the Japan Registry of Clinical Trials and the North South University Institutional Review Board, but it does not report any results or conclusions.
February 2024 in “Biomedicines” This review examines the hormonal causes of hair loss, noting how androgen excess can lead to follicle miniaturization and linking estrogen deficiency and thyroid dysfunction to common alopecia types. It further discusses hormonal treatments such as finasteride, dutasteride, and spironolactone.
In this case report, a 10-year-old girl with an adrenal adenoma experienced symptoms like hirsutism and clitoromegaly; after surgical removal of the tumor, her symptoms and biochemical abnormalities resolved over several months.
April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” This case report highlighted rapid virilization in a woman with adrenocortical carcinoma, stressing the importance of androgen evaluation to suspect underlying ovarian or adrenal tumors.
146 citations
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December 2016 in “Translational Andrology and Urology” This review discusses the creation of transgender-specific guidelines by WPATH and the Endocrine Society, based mostly on clinical experience, and reports no new results.