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PCOS affects about 4% of women in the southeastern U.S. equally across Black and White populations.

The bulletin provides guidelines for diagnosing and managing PCOS, suggesting weight loss, hormonal contraceptives, and diabetes screening, with clomiphene for infertility and various treatments for excess hair.

Metformin helps with menstrual cycles and insulin levels in PCOS but is less effective for hair growth, diabetes prevention, and weight loss, and may improve fertility and reduce diabetes risk.

The modified Ferriman-Gallwey method is a useful tool for diagnosing hirsutism.

Insulin resistance and obesity are key factors in the development and worsening of polycystic ovary syndrome, and lifestyle changes are important for managing it.

Testing basal 17-HP levels is a good way to screen for nonclassic adrenal hyperplasia in women with high androgen levels.

PrEP for HIV is less effective in transgender women mainly due to low adherence to the treatment.

Metformin helps manage polycystic ovary syndrome by improving insulin resistance and ovulation, but more research is needed on its full effects.

Use minoxidil for hair loss; finasteride and dutasteride for men, dutasteride for women.

Lifestyle changes can improve body composition, excess male hormone levels, and insulin resistance in women with PCOS.

Male and female bodies respond differently to stress, influenced by hormones and development stages, with implications for stress-related diseases.

Most women with excess hair growth have an underlying hormonal issue, often treated with medication and hair removal methods.

Estrogens can improve skin aging but carry risks; more research is needed on safer treatments.

Oral antiandrogens effectively treat female hair loss, with better results in higher hair loss grades.

Demodicosis is common and often missed, needing more recognition and treatment in skin care.

High androgen levels in young women with PCOS are linked to higher blood pressure.

Zinc is effective for treating various skin conditions, including warts and acne.

About 2.2% of women with symptoms of high male hormones have a mild form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia, and measuring a specific hormone level can accurately diagnose it.

The conclusion is that PCOS is caused by ovarian sensitivity to hormones and disrupted hormone control, possibly due to ovarian factors, and more research is needed.

Testosterone's muscle-building effects do not require its conversion to DHT.

Hibiscus plant extracts may have health benefits like lowering blood pressure and protecting the heart.

Some drugs can cause skin, nail, and hair problems, which are important for healthcare professionals to recognize and report.

Cyproterone acetate-estrogen most effective for hirsutism, but consider side effects and patient needs.

Minoxidil is the only FDA-approved topical drug for treating male or female pattern hair loss, and other medications like finasteride and dutasteride can also increase hair growth.

The document concludes that understanding the sebaceous gland's development and function is key to addressing related skin diseases and aging effects.

Both genes and environmental factors like chemicals may contribute to the increase in hypospadias, but the exact causes are still unclear.

Women with type 1 diabetes often have polycystic ovary syndrome and excess male hormones, which are frequently undiagnosed.

Pregnancy can cause skin pigmentation, stretch marks, and changes in hair, nails, and sweat glands, with most resolving after birth.

Female Pattern Hair Loss affects women's self-esteem and needs more research for better treatment.

Metformin improves hair growth and menstrual frequency in women with PCOS and hirsutism.