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In this study, researchers found that adults with alopecia areata exhibited trichoscopic features of empty follicular openings and tulip hair, while children showed more honeycomb pigment patterns and pohlpinkus constriction on their scalp lesions.

This study found that oral tofacitinib achieved significant hair regrowth in children with moderate to severe alopecia areata, with 72.2% reaching a 75% improvement and 52.8% achieving complete regrowth, though some patients did not respond and further research is needed on the treatment's long-term effects.

In this study, researchers found a direct link between autism and the intake of sugar and maltose, while an inverse connection was observed with the intake of total carbohydrate, fructose, and lactose, indicating a potential relationship between dietary patterns and autism.

This study observed no significant difference in vitamin D levels between children with alopecia areata and controls, but higher complete improvement in alopecia was noted among patients with vitamin D deficiency undergoing oral vitamin D treatment.

This study found that analyzing hair samples in young children for drug exposure can indicate environmental drug exposure or in-utero exposure, but cannot definitively confirm deliberate drug administration.

This review discusses how common skin disorders manifest differently in children with dark skin, highlighting distinctive reaction patterns and cultural practices, but reports no new clinical results.

This study analyzed systemic treatment patterns in 262 French children with severe alopecia areata, finding that while intravenous corticosteroids were most commonly used initially, treatment effectiveness appeared limited with frequent relapses and a need for prolonged therapy, but without serious adverse events.

This study evaluated factors influencing hair steroid concentrations in early infancy, finding small effects from birth mode, season, and age-related changes, suggesting hair analysis as promising for assessing long-term endocrine activity.

This study found that ritlecitinib was well tolerated in children aged 6 to under 12 years with severe alopecia areata, with ongoing trials examining its efficacy and safety over a 24-week period and in long-term use up to 36 months.

In this study, two cases of generalized hypertrichosis in young children were reported as resulting from indirect exposure to topical minoxidil through skin contact with caregivers, emphasizing the importance of preventing unintended contact and recognizing potential reversible side effects in pediatric populations.

In this retrospective study, researchers observed that alopecia areata manifests in various forms among Malagasy children and presents challenges in treatment, with mixed regrowth results following corticosteroid therapy and methotrexate.

This study found that while the global incidence of alopecia areata in individuals aged 0–19 declined from 1990-2021, the total number of cases rose, with higher burdens among females, adolescents, and low-SDI populations, particularly in Central Sub-Saharan Africa; disparities suggest a need for targeted interventions.

In this study, daughters of mothers who consumed 8 or more cups of coffee per day during pregnancy experienced pubertal development about 2 months earlier than daughters of mothers who did not consume coffee, whereas no such differences were observed among sons.

This study found that among pediatric patients with inborn errors of immunity, severe COVID-19 was linked to chronic lung disease, hypogammaglobulinemia, and musculoskeletal abnormalities, with chronic pulmonary illness being a major risk factor, while long-term effects included fatigue, hair loss, and red eye.

This review highlights the significant psychosocial impact of alopecia areata on children and adolescents, affecting self-esteem, relationships, academic performance, and the well-being of their families.

In this study, researchers found that nutritional status is the most significant predictor of physical appearance among children and adolescents with cancer, with better nutrition correlating with a more favorable appearance and reducing psychological distress related to body image concerns.

This study explores premature graying of hair, outlining potential causes such as genetic factors, nutritional deficiencies, and autoimmune disorders, and evaluates various management strategies including nutritional supplements, pharmacotherapy, and addressing underlying conditions.

This review suggests that low-dose oral minoxidil may be a safe option for treating hair disorders in children, while moderate and high doses may not be safe.

This study assessed malnutrition among 657 internally displaced school-aged children in Cameroon, finding high rates of stunting (27.1%), wasting (23%), thinness (21.6%), underweight (20.1%), anemia (30%), low serum iron (44.5%), and poor protein status (35.7%), highlighting the urgent need for nutrition interventions.

This study found that long-COVID symptoms in children with multisystem inflammatory syndrome did not differ significantly across SARS-CoV-2 variants, with factors like age being more impactful.

In this case report, pediatric HAIR-AN syndrome with severe acanthosis nigricans was significantly improved with metformin and liraglutide treatment, suggesting that early diagnosis and supportive treatment for symptoms like unexplained acanthosis nigricans and menstrual disorders can enhance quality of life.

In this study, researchers found that children with alopecia areata exhibited immune system imbalances, including increased autoimmune and allergic markers and decreased phagocytic activity, along with a higher prevalence of autoimmune thyroiditis and allergic rhinitis compared to children without alopecia.

This study examined the clinical and radiological features of lung damage in children caused by COVID-19, highlighting the emergence and persistence of both respiratory and extrapulmonary symptoms in these cases.

This study identified three clusters of autoantibodies in children with systemic lupus erythematosus, each associated with specific clinical manifestations at diagnosis.

This review discusses the etiology and pathogenesis of alopecia areata in children, highlighting the roles of heredity, immune factors, lipid peroxidation violations, microcirculation issues, and vitamin D deficiencies but reports no new clinical results.

In this study, patients with premature graying of hair had lower levels of zinc, magnesium, and Vitamin B12 compared to healthy controls.

This study found that among overweight and obese children in Dhaka, altered glucose metabolism was present, with no cases of type 2 diabetes observed but some showing insulin resistance, impaired fasting glucose, and impaired glucose tolerance.

This review investigates the causes of greying hair in children, but reports no new clinical findings.

This study established age-adjusted reference intervals for hair cortisol in children from birth to 18 years, finding higher cortisol levels in infants possibly linked to slower hair growth.

In this study, 90 pediatric patients with scalp microsporia were treated with a combination of griseofulvin, Antral, sertaconazole nitrate cream, and Bion 3 Kid, resulting in complete recovery, reduced treatment duration, and prevention of disease recurrence and colds, with high drug tolerability.