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This study demonstrates that encapsulating cell-free fat extract in a gelatin methacrylate hydrogel enhances flap repair by sustaining angiogenesis, reducing oxidative stress, and offering favorable biocompatibility in a murine skin flap model, thereby advancing potential clinical flap necrosis treatments.

This study demonstrated that hair follicles significantly expedite the absorption of caffeine through the skin compared to interfollicular pathways.

This review discusses the use of caffeine in cosmetics for its fat-reducing, antioxidant, and hair growth properties, but reports no new research findings.

This study found that caffeine can stimulate hair growth in vitro and counteract testosterone-induced growth suppression in hair follicles from male AGA patients.

In this study, caffeine applied in a shampoo penetrated hair follicles faster and more effectively than through the skin surface within the first 20 minutes.

The study reported that combining the Follicular Closing Technique with the Franz diffusion cell is a valuable method for investigating follicular caffeine penetration in vitro, though kinetics differ from in vivo results.

This review highlights the potential of coffee silverskin's bioactive compounds in combating skin aging and related conditions, suggesting it as a promising natural ingredient for cosmetics due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-aging properties.

This study found that caffeine enhanced hair growth and keratinocyte proliferation in human hair follicles, with female follicles showing greater sensitivity than male ones.

Caffeine and siloxanetriol alginate caffeine in emulsion form can reduce fatty cell size and number, potentially treating cellulite effectively.

This review explores the effects of caffeine on cancer, cardiovascular, immunological, inflammatory, and neurological diseases, including its use in sports, and discusses advancements in caffeine delivery through novel nanocarrier-based formulations.

This study found that nanoemulsion formulations with oleic acid or eucalyptol significantly enhanced the delivery and retention of caffeine through hair follicles and surrounding skin regions.

This study presented a new two-dimensional model that successfully predicts transdermal permeation of caffeine, highlighting the significant role of the follicular pathway in increasing systemic bioavailability.

This study found that intramuscular caffeine improved radiation-induced skin reactions in mouse legs but did not affect tumor responses, suggesting potential benefits in cancer radiotherapy.

This study found that applying caffeine significantly improved the skin barrier function of male volunteers by reducing transepidermal water loss compared to female volunteers.

This study found that co-delivery of minoxidil and caffeine in transfersomes with an optimized polysorbate formulation enhanced hair length and weight in vivo.

This study found that ultraviolet radiation negatively affects hair follicle functions in human scalp skin, and caffeine application may provide some protective effects against this damage.

This study observed that caffeine-containing shampoo can penetrate hair follicles to a depth of approximately 200 μm and remains detectable even after 24 hours, suggesting a potential long-term reservoir effect.

This study found that a caffeine-containing shampoo penetrated deeply into hair follicles in just two minutes and remained there for up to 48 hours, even after washing.

In this noninferiority study, researchers found that a 0.2% caffeine-based topical liquid was not less effective than 5% minoxidil solution in improving hair growth in men with androgenetic alopecia over six months.

Caffeine becomes more toxic in rats when food intake is reduced by over 50%.

This review provides an overview of caffeine's effects on cancer, cardiovascular, immunological, inflammatory, and neurological diseases, highlighting both its potential benefits, such as neuroprotection and anti-aging, and possible adverse effects like elevated blood pressure, anemia, and migraine.

This study found that in newborn rats treated with caffeine, progesterone increased apnoea frequency by inhibiting breathing, suggesting it may not be suitable for preterm neonates without addressing allopregnanolone's effects.

This study reported that combining microdialysis and selective follicular closure with varnish significantly reduces caffeine penetration through hair follicles in an ex vivo porcine ear skin model.

This study reported that microparticle-loaded emulsions containing caffeic acid achieved more homogeneous distribution and prolonged release in hair follicles, suggesting potential for effective folliculitis treatment.

This study found that encapsulating coffee berry extract in nanoliposomes improved its stability, reduced toxicity, and enhanced its anti-aging effects on skin elasticity and lightening more than free extract.

In this research, caffeine's versatile pharmacological actions were highlighted, demonstrating its stimulant, bronchodilator, diuretic, and potential anticancer effects through interactions with adenosine receptors, phosphodiesterase, and renal tubules, revealing valuable insights for drug development and therapeutic applications in medicine.

In this study, researchers found that caffeine can counteract stress-induced damage in ex vivo human androgenetic alopecia hair follicles, suggesting it may help prevent stress-related hair loss.

Caffeine may help hair growth in hereditary hair loss.

This study reported that larger caffeine nanocrystals, at 694 nm, increased caffeine bioavailability via transfollicular penetration compared to smaller nanocrystals, especially in long-term serum concentration measurements.

This study found that coffee berry extract demonstrated anti-aging properties in skin and hair cells, showing significant anti-collagenase activity and stimulating hair-related gene expression, suggesting its potential for use in cosmeceuticals.