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This research developed a mouse model for alopecia areata by transferring lymph node cells from affected mice and reported that treatments with Ritlecitinib or Tacrolimus significantly improved symptoms, with Tacrolimus achieving near-complete hair regrowth.

This study used spatial transcriptomics to investigate T cell-hair follicle interactions in cutaneous lupus erythematosus across mice, dogs, and humans, finding that CXCR3+ T cells and B cells are enriched in lesional skin, with implications for potential therapeutic targets.

This review highlights the role of epidermal tissue-resident memory T (T RM) cells in human skin, showing their involvement in immune surveillance and regulation within the epidermis, and suggesting their importance in understanding skin diseases like HIV infection and vitiligo.

This review describes various T-cell-mediated alopecias characterized by distinct lymphocytic patterns and explores their pathophysiology. It highlights the role of CD8+ and regulatory T cells, the JAK/STAT pathway, and stem cell niches, contributing to understanding and potentially addressing these hair loss conditions.

This study developed a silk fibroin/poly(vinyl alcohol) microneedle loaded with α-aminoxyacetate and HfO₂ nanoparticles for vitiligo treatment, which protected against ROS damage and modulated immune responses, leading to improved melanogenesis and skin repigmentation.

This review compiles current insights into alopecia areata's epidemiology, immune mechanisms, diagnosis, treatment options, including novel JAK inhibitors, and its severe psychosocial impact, while also highlighting emerging research areas.

This source reviews alopecia areata, highlighting its epidemiology, immune-related causes, diagnostic methods, and the shift in treatment with JAK inhibitors like baricitinib and ritlecitinib, marking the first disease-modifying options for this hair loss condition.

This study found that HAMA hydrogels promote faster healing of skin wounds in mice by enhancing the accumulation of anti-inflammatory macrophages and increasing type III collagen in the local wound environment.

In this clinical trial, patients with lichen planopilaris treated with the oral TYK2 inhibitor deucravacitinib showed significant improvement in PGA, LPPAI, and Skindex-16 scores over 24 weeks, with transcriptomic analyses indicating decreased inflammatory and immune pathway activity post-treatment.

In this study, pre-treatment with 5-α-reductase inhibitors (finasteride/dutasteride) in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma was associated with better immune checkpoint inhibitor effectiveness and improved progression-free and overall survival, without increasing severe side effects.

This review highlights advances in understanding alopecia areata as a systemic disease involving genetic, immune, and environmental factors, noting new treatments like Janus kinase inhibitors but acknowledging challenges in long-term safety and accessibility.

This review examines various pharmacological options for managing alopecia areata, highlighting the effectiveness of corticosteroids for mild to moderate cases and promising results from JAK inhibitors like baricitinib for more severe forms, with additional benefits from minoxidil and potential from other treatments.

In this study, researchers identified 19 genetic risk loci and highlighted 16 candidate causal genes, including immune-related ones, associated with polycystic ovary syndrome, emphasizing the role of specific immune cells like T cells and NK cells in its pathogenesis.

This review discusses the approval of deuruxolitinib, an oral JAK inhibitor, by the FDA in July 2024 for treating severe alopecia areata in adults, highlighting its role as the third approved oral treatment option alongside baricitinib and ritlecitinib.

The study suggests that refractory chronic alopecia areata cases have more infiltrating skin resident memory T cells, and using a JAK inhibitor may be an effective treatment option.

Ritlecitinib effectively treats severe Alopecia Areata by reducing harmful immune activity in the skin.

Chronic refractory alopecia areata has more skin-resident memory T cells, and JAK inhibitors may help reduce them.

This study observed that exosomes from adipose stem cells and dermal papilla cells altered the immune environment in hair follicles, promoting hair regrowth in mouse models and human follicle cultures.

This study observed that in human scalp hair follicles, BTNL2 expression is lower in stressed conditions, which correlates with increased cytotoxic activity by gamma/delta and CD8+ T cells, suggesting a possible role for BTNL2 in controlling immune responses relevant to alopecia areata.

This study found that CD80 expression in wound-activated hair follicle stem cells induces Foxp3 expression in effector T cells, facilitating wound repair by converting them into regulatory T cells.

This study found that administering an S1PR 1&4 modulator reduced alopecia areata lesion size and decreased CD8+ T cell infiltration in mice, suggesting potential as a treatment for this condition.

In this study, researchers demonstrated that CD4 T cells from skin-draining lymph nodes in mice with alopecia areata can transfer the disease to recipient mice, revealing a critical role for CD4 T cells in disease development and suggesting potential therapeutic targets.

This study identified 19 genetic risk loci and 16 potential causal genes related to PCOS, highlighting the role of immune cell-specific mechanisms in its pathogenesis.

This article hypothesizes that thymoma with aplastic anemia may result from abnormal autoimmune CD8⁺ T lymphocytes produced by the thymoma, potentially leading to other cytotoxic T-cell-mediated autoimmune diseases.

Immune system changes may contribute to female pattern hair loss.

Scarring alopecia involves increased immune cells and specific gene changes near damaged hair follicles.

Enhancing Tregs can protect against alopecia areata.

Discoid lupus erythematosus involves immune activation and fibrosis around hair follicles, with shared pathways across humans, dogs, and mice, suggesting potential treatments for both humans and animals.

Alopecia areata involves complex immune cell interactions, especially between CD8+ T cells and macrophages, which could help develop new treatments.

The study introduced an advanced skin model, ImmuSkin-MT, which effectively distinguished between different strengths of skin sensitizers by mimicking the interaction of immune cells in skin tissue.