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GlossaryCalcium-binding proteins

molecules that bind calcium ions, crucial for cellular processes

Calcium-binding proteins are molecules that can bind calcium ions (Ca2+), playing crucial roles in various cellular processes such as muscle contraction, nerve function, and cell signaling. Examples include calmodulin and troponin, which help regulate activities by changing their shape or function in response to calcium levels.

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Expression of Calcium-Binding S100 Proteins A4 and A6 in Regions of the Epithelial Sac Associated with the Onset of Hair Follicle Regeneration

research Expression of Calcium-Binding S100 Proteins A4 and A6 in Regions of the Epithelial Sac Associated with the Onset of Hair Follicle Regeneration

72 citations , June 2001 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

S100A4 and S100A6 proteins may activate stem cells for hair follicle regeneration and could be potential targets for hair loss treatments.

research Evidence for various calcium sites in human hair shaft revealed by sub-micrometer X-ray fluorescence

31 citations , January 2003 in “Biochimica et biophysica acta. G, General subjects/Biochimica et biophysica acta. General subjects (Online)”

The research found two types of calcium in human hair, one that varies among individuals and another that is consistent across people.

research CaBP1 and 2 enable sustained CaV1.3 calcium currents and synaptic transmission in inner hair cells

1 citations , January 2024

CaBP1 and CaBP2 are necessary for proper hearing and neurotransmission in the ear's inner hair cells.

research Reviewer #2 (Public Review): CaBP1 and 2 enable sustained CaV1.3 calcium currents and synaptic transmission in inner hair cells

January 2024

CaBP1 and 2 are necessary for maintaining calcium currents and hearing in inner ear cells.

research CaBP1 and 2 enable sustained CaV1.3 calcium currents and synaptic transmission in inner hair cells

January 2024

CaBP1 and CaBP2 are necessary for proper hearing and neurotransmission in the ear's inner hair cells.

research Reviewer #1 (Public Review): CaBP1 and 2 enable sustained CaV1.3 calcium currents and synaptic transmission in inner hair cells

January 2024

CaBP1 and CaBP2 are important for maintaining hearing by supporting continuous calcium currents and nerve signaling in the ear.

research Reviewer #3 (Public Review): CaBP1 and 2 enable sustained CaV1.3 calcium currents and synaptic transmission in inner hair cells

January 2024

CaBP1 and CaBP2 are important for continuous hearing by preventing inactivation of calcium currents in ear cells, with CaBP2 also able to restore hearing when reintroduced.

research eLife assessment: CaBP1 and 2 enable sustained CaV1.3 calcium currents and synaptic transmission in inner hair cells

January 2024

CaBP1 and 2 are important for maintaining the activity of calcium channels necessary for hearing in inner ear cells.

research Gene Expression of Mouse S100A3, a Cysteine-Rich Calcium-Binding Protein, in Developing Hair Follicle

40 citations , November 1998 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

S100A3 protein is crucial for hair shaft formation in mice.

research Characterization of the cysteine-rich calcium-binding S100A3 protein from human hair cuticles

17 citations , December 2002 in “Biochemical and biophysical research communications”

Scientists found out how a specific protein in human hair cuticles behaves and is structured.

research Specific Citrullination Causes Assembly of a Globular S100A3 Homotetramer

62 citations , February 2008 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry”

A specific chemical change in the S100A3 protein leads to the formation of a four-part structure important for hair formation.

Label-free proteomics to identify keratins and keratin-associated proteins and their effects on the fleece traits of Inner Mongolia Cashmere Goats

research Label-free proteomics to identify keratins and keratin-associated proteins and their effects on the fleece traits of Inner Mongolia Cashmere Goats

January 2023 in “Czech Journal of Animal Science”

Proteins influence the quality and traits of cashmere goat fleece, affecting hair strength and diameter.

research Root hair growth in Arabidopsis thaliana is directed by calcium and an endogenous polarity

200 citations , November 1997 in “Planta”

Calcium affects where root hairs grow, but other unknown factors determine their growth direction.

Proteomic tools for the investigation of human hair structural proteins and evidence of weakness sites on hair keratin coil segments

research Proteomic tools for the investigation of human hair structural proteins and evidence of weakness sites on hair keratin coil segments

38 citations , February 2012 in “Analytical biochemistry”

Hair proteins have weak spots in their α-helical segments.

research Calcium regulation of stem cells

25 citations , May 2020 in “EMBO reports”

Calcium is important for stem cell function and maintenance, especially in blood and skin cells.

Involucrin, but not filaggrin and Kdap mRNA, expression is downregulated in 3-D cultures of intact rat hair bulbs after calcium stimulation

research Involucrin, but not filaggrin and Kdap mRNA, expression is downregulated in 3-D cultures of intact rat hair bulbs after calcium stimulation

3 citations , July 2011 in “Folia Histochemica et Cytobiologica”

Calcium reduces involucrin in rat hair bulbs but doesn't affect filaggrin and Kdap.

Analysis of the expression pattern of the carrier protein transthyretin and its receptor megalin in the human scalp skin and hair follicles: hair cycle-associated changes

research Analysis of the expression pattern of the carrier protein transthyretin and its receptor megalin in the human scalp skin and hair follicles: hair cycle-associated changes

6 citations , November 2010 in “Histochemistry and cell biology”

The proteins transthyretin and megalin are more present in the growth phase of hair, suggesting they might affect hair health and growth.

research Bald thigh syndrome in sighthounds—Revisiting the cause of a well-known disease

5 citations , February 2019 in “PloS one”

Bald thigh syndrome in sighthounds is caused by structural defects in hair shafts due to downregulated genes and proteins.

research Formation of the cornified envelope

3 citations , September 2005 in “Experimental dermatology”

The cornified envelope is crucial for skin's barrier function and involves key proteins and genetic factors.

research Vitamin D and Human Health: Lessons from Vitamin D Receptor Null Mice

1533 citations , October 2008 in “Endocrine reviews”

Mice without the vitamin D receptor have bone issues and other health problems, suggesting vitamin D is important for preventing various diseases in humans.

research The Nuclear Vitamin D Receptor: Biological and Molecular Regulatory Properties Revealed

1308 citations , March 1998 in “Journal of bone and mineral research”

The vitamin D receptor is crucial for bone health and affects various body systems, with mutations potentially leading to disease.

research Biochemical Evidence That Small Proline-rich Proteins and Trichohyalin Function in Epithelia by Modulation of the Biomechanical Properties of Their Cornified Cell Envelopes

99 citations , May 1998 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry”

Small proline-rich proteins and trichohyalin help make epithelial tissues tougher and more flexible.

research The CLE40 and CRN/CLV2 Signaling Pathways Antagonistically Control Root Meristem Growth in Arabidopsis

43 citations , November 2014 in “Molecular Plant”

CLE40 and CRN/CLV2 pathways have opposite effects on root growth in Arabidopsis.

research Characterization of Mouse Profilaggrin: Evidence for Nuclear Engulfment and Translocation of the Profilaggrin B-Domain during Epidermal Differentiation

25 citations , October 2002 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

Mouse profilaggrin helps in skin cell differentiation and may be involved in calcium signaling.

research Combined drug triads for synergic neuroprotection in retinal degeneration

6 citations , May 2022 in “Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy”

Using three different drugs together may better treat eye diseases like glaucoma and macular degeneration.

research Proteomics as a tool to improve novel insights into skin diseases: what we know and where we should be going

3 citations , October 2022 in “Frontiers in Surgery”

Proteomics combined with other technologies can lead to a better understanding of skin diseases.

research Cultivation of Hair Matrix Cells from Cashmere Goat Skins and Exemplified Applications

3 citations , August 2020 in “Animals”

Researchers found a way to grow cashmere goat hair cells in a lab and discovered that certain conditions improve these cells' growth and characteristics.

research RSPO1-mutated keratinocytes from palmoplantar keratoderma display impaired differentiation, alteration of cell–cell adhesion, EMT-like phenotype and invasiveness properties: implications for squamous cell carcinoma susceptibility in patients with 46XX disorder of sexual development

5 citations , July 2022 in “Orphanet journal of rare diseases”

RSPO1 mutations in certain patients lead to skin cells that don't develop properly and are more likely to become invasive, increasing the risk of skin cancer.

research Significance of the S100A4 Protein in Psoriasis

45 citations , January 2010 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

The S100A4 protein is more common in psoriatic skin and could be a target for treating psoriasis.

research Calreticulin: non‐endoplasmic reticulum functions in physiology and disease

341 citations , November 2009 in “The FASEB Journal”

Calreticulin has roles in healing, immune response, and disease beyond its known functions in the endoplasmic reticulum.