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This review discusses how women with PCOS have an increased risk of insulin resistance and cardiometabolic features regardless of body fat, and calls for targeted prevention and management strategies.

This study found that young women with polycystic ovary syndrome have altered endothelial function associated with insulin resistance and lower adiponectin levels.

This study reported a 6.3% prevalence of PCOS among women in a Sri Lankan community, with most cases presenting as oligo/amenorrhea and polycystic ovaries.

This study found that young indigenous South Asian women with polycystic ovary syndrome are more likely to be centrally obese and have metabolic syndrome, particularly with increasing age, higher BMI, and acanthosis nigricans.

Treating sleep apnea in young obese women with PCOS can improve heart health and insulin sensitivity.

In this study, female-to-male transsexuals treated with long-acting testosterone undecanoate experienced an increase in lean mass but no change in fat mass or bone mineral density over 24 months.

This study determined that an mFG score of 5 or greater defines hirsutism among Southern Chinese women, with prevalence and score thresholds decreasing with age.

This study reported that Chinese women with PCOS exhibited diverse lipid profiles based on different characteristics, which may help understand their increased risk of cardiovascular disease.

This study found that metformin improved insulin resistance, hyperandrogenemia, anovulation, and acne in PCOS patients, regardless of their level of obesity or initial insulin resistance.

This study reported that women with PCOS had higher levels of depression, anxiety, and perceived stress compared to those without PCOS, with stress potentially mediating these associations.

This study found that women with symptoms of oligomenorrhoea and/or hirsutism are more likely to have polycystic ovaries and less favorable biochemical and clinical markers compared to asymptomatic women.

This study found that several drugs, including flutamide and spironolactone, significantly reduced hirsutism in women, with reduced effectiveness in those with higher BMI.

Low-dose gonadotropin treatment is effective for infertility in women with PCOS, leading to high ovulation rates and comparable pregnancy rates with fewer complications.

In this study, transgender adolescents treated with testosterone for a median of 12 months experienced effective virilization, including voice deepening and increased hair growth, but also showed decreased HDL cholesterol and BMD z-scores, and increased hematocrit, with no short-term safety issues reported.

This study found that bariatric surgery effectively treated morbid obesity and improved quality of life and the resolution of comorbidities for most patients.

This study found that women with PCOS have elevated serum androgen levels throughout adulthood, with these levels decreasing and variations increasing as they approach menopause.

This study found that CD45RO+ cells, a subtype of T lymphocytes, were notably reduced in the ovarian follicles of women with PCOS, which may contribute to the condition's pathogenesis.

This article discusses the bi-compartmental organization of hair follicle stem cell niches for balancing stem cell cycling and organ growth and proposes similar structures may exist in other adult stem cell niches but reports no new experimental results.

This study found that polycystic ovary syndrome is independently associated with more severe non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, including advanced fibrosis, in reproductive-aged women with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

This review discusses the potential markers for identifying and studying stem cells in the epidermis and hair follicles, highlighting their role in understanding skin disease pathogenesis and expanding therapeutic options, but reports no new findings.

In this study, short-term liraglutide treatment led to significant weight loss in obese women with newly diagnosed PCOS and a higher metabolic risk profile compared to metformin.

This study found that Czech women with polycystic ovary syndrome in their thirties had a significantly worse cardiovascular risk profile compared to a control group, independent of obesity.

This review discusses the use of antimüllerian hormone as a marker of ovarian reserve in infertility diagnosis and treatment, noting it reflects oocyte quantity but not health or pregnancy likelihood.

This study found that hirsutism and acanthosis nigricans are the most reliable skin markers for diagnosing polycystic ovary syndrome in women and suggest a need for further evaluation of possible metabolic issues.

This study found that women with polycystic ovary syndrome have a higher risk for obstructive sleep apnea, primarily due to the prevalence of severe obesity, rather than the syndrome itself.

This study found that women with PCOS have higher ghrelin levels compared to controls, with ghrelin negatively correlating with BMI and insulin levels, suggesting its potential role in PCOS etiology.

This review discusses genetic factors that may influence the effectiveness of metformin in treating polycystic ovary syndrome and emphasizes the need for further research to establish clear benefits.

This study found that, among women with polycystic ovary syndrome, insulin resistance was significantly associated with an increased risk of depression, even after accounting for factors like BMI.

In this study, women with PCOS had a higher prevalence of hepatic steatosis compared to controls, with associated metabolic issues like insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome.

This study found that insulin resistance was significantly associated with PCOS among infertile women with central obesity, highlighting differences in insulin and phenotype severity.