235 citations
,
January 2011 in “Journal of Clinical Investigation” This study found that androgenetic alopecia may involve a defect in the conversion of hair follicle stem cells to progenitor cells, as demonstrated by a reduced presence of progenitor cells in bald scalp samples.
54 citations
,
June 1985 in “American Journal of Dermatopathology” This abstract does not provide specific findings or results.
33 citations
,
January 1997 in “Endocrinology” Testosterone was found to inhibit hair follicle epithelial cell proliferation in adult stumptailed macaques only when dermal papilla cells from bald scalps were present, and this effect was reversed by the antiandrogen RU 58841.
1 citations
,
January 1989 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” The conclusion is that proper communication about the realistic effects of hair loss and skin aging treatments can improve dermatologists' credibility.
19 citations
,
January 1997 in “Endocrinology” This study observed that testosterone inhibits hair follicle epithelial cell proliferation in adult stumptailed macaques only when dermal papilla cells from bald scalps are present, with antiandrogen RU 58841 reversing this effect.
April 2011 in “Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature” Bald men with male pattern baldness still have hair stem cells, but lack certain cells needed for hair growth.
January 2011 in “Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature” Bald men with male pattern baldness still have hair stem cells, but lack certain cells needed for hair growth.
January 2011 in “Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature” Bald men with male pattern baldness still have hair stem cells, but lack certain cells needed to grow hair.
5 citations
,
October 2018 in “Burns” This study found that long-term morbidity from scalp skin harvesting for grafts is low, with high patient satisfaction, and androgenetic alopecia is unlikely to uncover underlying harvest-related hair loss.
37 citations
,
January 2000 in “International Journal of Pharmaceutics” In a study using human scalp skin grafts on SCID mice, topical flutamide and finasteride significantly improved hair growth in male-pattern baldness compared to placebo, with flutamide showing superior results to finasteride.
205 citations
,
March 2012 in “Science Translational Medicine” PGD2 stops hair growth and is higher in bald men with AGA.
January 2016 in “Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature” A substance called prostaglandin D2 is found more in bald scalps and it stops hair from growing. Blocking its receptor could potentially treat hair loss.
33 citations
,
January 2002 This study found that daily topical application of 500 microg/ml latanoprost led to moderate to marked hair regrowth in a macaque model of androgenetic alopecia.
10 citations
,
March 1973 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” 
6 citations
,
September 2019 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” In this study, researchers identified 32 differentially expressed genes involved in androgenetic alopecia, with down-regulated genes associated with Wnt and TGF-beta signaling and up-regulated genes linked to oxidative stress pathways.
June 2012 in “Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature” Prostaglandin D2, found in higher levels in bald scalps, stops hair growth and could be a target for treating hair loss.
May 2012 in “Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature” Prostaglandin D2, found in higher levels in bald scalps, stops hair growth, suggesting that blocking its receptor could potentially treat hair loss.
17 citations
,
June 2002 in “Dermatologic Surgery” This study found that, compared to Caucasian individuals, bald Chinese patients have a lower follicular unit density, and implanting an average of 30 FUs/cm² can effectively reconstruct a natural frontal hairline.
8 citations
,
December 1996 in “Dermatologic Surgery” This article discusses surgical innovations in scalp reduction to improve cosmetic outcomes but reports no new clinical results, emphasizing the benefits of anchor techniques for minimizing scars and stretch-back.
4 citations
,
December 1992 in “The American Journal of Cosmetic Surgery” The modified S pattern for scalp reduction is effective for removing more bald scalp and hiding scars in hair restoration.
May 2022 in “Hair transplant forum international” This study concluded that hair transplants including the parietal eminence area can enhance aesthetic balance and provide indirect cosmetic benefits, even when the vertex is left untreated due to limited donor availability.
26 citations
,
January 2009 in “Annals of Dermatology” This case report describes two instances of rare linear alopecia on the occipital scalp, associated histologically with lupus erythematosus profundus, despite resembling alopecia areata clinically.
28 citations
,
July 2002 in “Dermatologic Surgery” This study found that improved outcomes in scalp surgery were achieved by utilizing knowledge of the surgical anatomy of the scalp to avoid complications like unsightly scars and distorted hair patterns.
July 2024 in “International Journal of Dermatology Venereology and Leprosy Sciences” This review highlights the increasing use of trichoscopy, a noninvasive and well-tolerated diagnostic tool, to aid in the accurate diagnosis and management of various pediatric hair and scalp conditions, such as alopecia and other abnormalities.
July 2002 in “Dermatologic Surgery” This study found that understanding the surgical anatomy of the scalp significantly improves outcomes in scalp surgery by reducing complications like unsightly scars and distorted hair patterns.
June 2017 in “JPRAS Open” This case report describes a successful hair transplant surgery using the follicular unit extraction method to restore a bald area following scalp tumor resection and skin grafting, highlighting its utility in such complex cases.
24 citations
,
August 2013 in “Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America” This review discusses scalp micropigmentation techniques and their customization to individual patients, but reports no new clinical results.
1 citations
,
February 1971 in “JAMA” This study found that hair growth was maintained in alopecic sites using scalp autografts with triamcinolone acetonide, but homografts were typically rejected.
July 2026 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” More research is needed to understand hair and scalp disorders in children with skin of color.
July 1994 in “Archives of Dermatology” This book reviews the biology and clinical assessment of both normal and abnormal hair growth, providing a detailed examination of various hair and scalp diseases but reports no new research findings.