research Testosterone: The Male Sex Hormone
More research is needed to understand how testosterone is maintained in adult males.
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research Effects of Pre- and Post-Pubertal Dihydrotestosterone Treatment on Penile Length in 5α-Reductase Type 2 Deficiency
Dihydrotestosterone treatment can help penis growth in boys with 5α-reductase deficiency but doesn't fully normalize size after puberty.
research Current Evaluation of Amenorrhea
Amenorrhea is relatively rare and initial testing should check FSH, TSH, and prolactin levels.
research The Role of Hormonal Imbalances in Amenorrhea
Hormonal imbalances are a key cause of missed menstrual periods in women.
research Standards of Care for the Health of Transsexual, Transgender, and Gender-Nonconforming People, Version 7
The guidelines recommend informed consent for gender-affirming treatments and stress the importance of personalized, culturally sensitive care for transgender individuals.
research Kennedy's Disease and Partial Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome: Report of 4 Cases and Literature Review
The conclusion is that adult males with muscle weakness and hormonal imbalances should be tested for Kennedy's disease.
research Androgen Biosynthesis and Gene Defects
Gene mutations can cause problems in male genital development.
research Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia: A Detailed Review of 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency
CAH is a genetic disorder affecting cortisol production and causing hormonal imbalances, with treatment and diagnosis varying by form and symptoms.
research Abstracts From The 55th European Society Of Human Genetics Conference: E-Posters
Rare ULBP3 gene changes may raise the risk of Alopecia areata, a certain FAS gene deletion could cause a dysfunctional protein in an immune disorder, and having one copy of a specific genetic deletion is okay, but two copies cause sickle cell disease.
research Current Evaluation of Amenorrhea
The document concludes that identifying the cause of amenorrhea is crucial for proper treatment.
research Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Its Differential Diagnosis
The document concludes that correct diagnosis and management of PCOS are important, and more research is needed on its risks and treatments.
research Gonads
The document concludes that accurate diagnosis of male and female gonadal disorders is crucial for effective treatment and better patient outcomes.
research Intracrine Androgen Biosynthesis, Metabolism, and Action Revisited
The document concludes that blocking the internal pathways that create androgens might help treat cancers that depend on sex hormones.
research Adult Patients with Aphallia: Were They Fertile?
The document does not determine if adults with aphallia are fertile.
research Endocrine Treatment of Transsexual Persons: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline
The guideline recommends mental health involvement in diagnosing gender identity disorder and outlines hormone and surgical treatment protocols, emphasizing safety, informed consent, and long-term monitoring.
research Physiology of the Hypothalamic Pituitary Gonadal Axis in the Male
The document explains how the male reproductive system works, its role in making testosterone, and how conditions like obesity can disrupt it, leading to low testosterone and fertility issues.
research Androgen Therapy in Women: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline
The Endocrine Society advised against routine testosterone therapy for women, citing a need for more research on long-term safety and a clear definition of androgen deficiency.
research Erectile Dysfunction in Young Men: A Review of Prevalence and Risk Factors
Erectile dysfunction is increasingly common in men under 40, with many physical and psychological causes, and various treatment options available.
research Molecular Genetics of Androgen Insensitivity
Mutations in the androgen receptor gene cause different levels of androgen insensitivity, making it hard to create simple tests for the condition.
research Disorders in Male Sexual Differentiation Due to 5α-Reductase-2 Deficiency
5α-reductase-2 deficiency causes ambiguous genitalia at birth and affects male sexual development, but individuals often develop male characteristics at puberty.
research A Teenage Girl with Unexpected Pubertal Changes
The girl's unexpected pubic hair growth led to a diagnosis different from complete androgen insensitivity syndrome.
research 5-Alpha-Reductase Deficiency in a Saudi Girl
A Saudi individual initially identified as a girl had a genetic disorder affecting gender development.
research Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Sexual Dysfunctions
Women with PCOS often have sexual problems, and treating these issues early can improve satisfaction and reduce healthcare costs.
research Improving Translational Research in Sex-Specific Effects of Comorbidities and Risk Factors in Ischemic Heart Disease and Cardioprotection: Position Paper and Recommendations of the ESC Working Group on Cellular Biology of the Heart
The document concludes that future heart disease research should account for sex-specific differences to improve diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes.
research Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia is a rare inherited disease causing hormone imbalances, affecting growth, fertility, and heart health, diagnosed through blood tests and treated with medication and lifestyle changes.
research The Effect of 5-Reductase Inhibitors on Erectile Function
5-alpha-reductase inhibitors may cause a low incidence of erectile dysfunction that decreases over time.
research Progress on the Road to Better Medical Care for Transgender Patients
The conclusion is that published guidelines are improving transgender medical care, but more research and education in transgender medicine are needed.
research The Multiple Consequences Of Obesity
Obesity leads to physical, metabolic, reproductive issues, higher healthcare costs, and mental health problems.
research Post-Finasteride Syndrome and Post-SSRI Sexual Dysfunction: Two Sides of the Same Coin?
PFS and PSSD are similar conditions with persistent sexual dysfunction after stopping medication.
research Biochemical and Structural Characteristics, Gene Regulation, Physiological, Pathological and Clinical Features of Lipocalin-Type Prostaglandin D2 Synthase as a Multifunctional Lipocalin
Lipocalin-Type Prostaglandin D2 Synthase (L-PGDS) is a protein that plays many roles in the body, including sleep regulation, pain management, food intake, and protection against harmful substances. It also affects fat metabolism, glucose intolerance, cell maturation, and is involved in various diseases like diabetes, cancer, and arthritis. It can influence sex organ development and embryonic cell differentiation, and its levels can be used as a diagnostic marker for certain conditions.