October 2025 in “Clinical Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology” Cutaneous fibrosis, such as hypertrophic scars and keloids, occurs when immune, epithelial, and stromal signals fail to balance after injury. Langerin+ dendritic cells (DCs) play a central role by producing latent TGF-β1, which is activated by keratinocyte integrins, forming a "cytokine gate" that can lead to fibrosis if overstimulated. Active TGF-β1, along with YAP/TAZ, promotes fibroblast activation and matrix stiffening, while immune responses maintain a pro-fibrotic environment. The study explores the interaction between epithelial integrins, DCs, and fibroblast mechanotransduction, comparing normal wound healing with fibrosis, and suggests therapeutic strategies targeting the αv integrin-TGF-β1 axis, YAP/TAZ, and immune signals. This DC-focused perspective offers new hypotheses and potential for mechanism-based therapies.
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January 2020 Ift20 is essential for hair follicle function and skin cell movement.
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September 2014 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” FOXO1 is important for wound healing, but its dysfunction in diabetes can slow the healing process.
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March 2000 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” As skin cells mature, vitamin D receptor levels decrease while retinoid X receptor α levels increase.
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November 2018 in “Physiological Reviews” The document concludes that better targeted treatments are needed for wound healing, and single-cell technologies may improve cell-based therapies.