September 2024 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Generic topical and transdermal systems usually cause minimal irritation or sensitization.
May 2023 in “Jurnal farmasi sains dan praktis” In this research on cinnamon and virgin coconut oil hair tonics, F2 and F3 demonstrated stable physical properties and mild irritation potential, while formula 1 remained non-irritating but less stable regarding pH and viscosity.
30 citations
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September 2017 in “Environmental health perspectives” This study found that potential exposure to Corexit™ dispersants during the Deepwater Horizon cleanup was associated with increased respiratory, dermal, and eye irritation symptoms among responders both during the cleanup and up to three years later.
17 citations
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June 2017 in “Journal of pharmaceutical sciences” This study found that adapalene-loaded nanospheres in a hyaluronic acid gel enhanced skin penetration and were nonirritant, making them potentially suitable for treating acne on oily skin.
15 citations
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February 2014 in “Toxicology Letters” This study found that osthole, a coumarin derivative, demonstrated significantly higher skin accumulation and potential skin irritation compared to coumarin, which showed negligible alterations in protein biomarkers.