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    GlossaryType I Interferons

    proteins that help the immune system fight viral infections

    Type I Interferons (Type I IFNs) are a group of proteins that play a crucial role in the body's immune response to viral infections. They help to inhibit viral replication within host cells and activate immune cells, such as natural killer cells and macrophages, to fight off the infection. These proteins are also involved in regulating the immune system and can influence the development of autoimmune conditions.

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      learn Cetirizine

      popular antihistamine showing promise for hair loss as an anti-inflammatory and prostaglandin inhibitor

      learn Tofacitinib

      a JAK inhibitor for alopecia areata and other autoimmune conditions

      learn Stemoxydine

      chemical from L'Oreal that encourages hair to enter growth phase

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      research SnapshotDx Quiz: April 2022

      March 2022 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”
      The "SnapshotDx Quiz: April 2022" from the Journal of Investigative Dermatology focuses on diagnosing Discoid Lupus Erythematosus (DLE) and highlights that DLE manifests as erythematous plaques on the scalp, which can evolve into alopecic patches. Key findings include the role of IFN-1s in driving inflammation in all cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) types, the presence of senescent cells marked by p16 and p21 in CLE lesions, and the upregulation of the Jak/STAT pathway in CLE. The quiz also notes that serologic abnormalities are uncommon in DLE, antimalarial drugs are effective in treating CLE, and the incidence of squamous cell carcinoma in DLE lesions is low (2-3%). The document suggests a link between inflammation and cellular senescence, with higher levels of p16+ and p21+ cells in more inflamed and chronic conditions.
      Interferons in Dermatology

      research Interferons in Dermatology

      22 citations, April 1998 in “Dermatologic Clinics”
      Interferons are effective for some skin conditions and cancers, but can have side effects and need more research for optimal use.
      Protective Effects of Melatonin on the Skin: Future Perspectives

      research Protective Effects of Melatonin on the Skin: Future Perspectives

      44 citations, October 2019 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences”
      Melatonin, usually known for sleep regulation, also has antioxidant properties that can protect skin, stimulate hair growth, and improve skin conditions, with topical application being more effective than oral use.

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