5 citations,
January 1994 in “Skin Pharmacology and Physiology” Minoxidil absorption in skin is slowed by cleansing, depends on how long it stays on the skin, and is not much affected by reapplication.
6 citations,
May 2019 in “Journal of pharmaceutical sciences” Diffusion in artificial sebum is mainly influenced by molecular size and is much faster than in skin lipids.
82 citations,
May 2009 in “BJCP. British journal of clinical pharmacology/British journal of clinical pharmacology” Caffeine penetrates human skin in lab tests similarly to real-life conditions, but actual skin use is still essential for accurate results.
12 citations,
March 2012 in “ATLA. Alternatives to laboratory animals” Hair follicles significantly affect the skin absorption of some drugs.
8 citations,
June 2019 in “Pharmaceutical research” Applying heat with certain chemicals can greatly improve how well isotretinoin gets into the skin through hair follicles.