4 citations,
June 2013 in “Aesthetic Plastic Surgery” Minoxidil improved rat skin flap survival but was less effective than surgical methods.
28 citations,
May 1998 in “Skin Research and Technology” Scalp flaps are stiffer than skin from other body areas, which helps in planning reconstructive and cosmetic head surgeries.
47 citations,
February 2021 in “Pharmacological research” Exosomes can improve skin health and offer new treatments for skin repair and rejuvenation.
Various substances, quitting smoking, and certain topical applications can enhance the survival of skin flaps used in surgery. Oxygen-free radicals play a role in tissue injury, but certain treatments can have beneficial effects.
12 citations,
August 2015 in “Plastic Surgery” Botulinum toxin may help reduce skin flap damage caused by cigarette smoke.