122 citations
,
November 2014 in “BMC Medicine” This research observed that oral testosterone replacement therapy significantly increases cardiovascular risk, while effects of injected or transdermal therapy on cardiovascular risk were not significant, prompting further investigation into these methods.
31 citations
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November 2014 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” This article reviews androgen excess and cardiometabolic risks in women, highlighting increased cardiovascular disease risk in those with polycystic ovary syndrome, but reports no new clinical results.
26 citations
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June 2016 in “Journal of Reproductive Immunology” This study found that in women with polycystic ovary syndrome, xanthine oxidase activity is a useful marker for oxidative stress and is positively correlated with inflammatory markers and cardiovascular disease risk factors.
15 citations
,
September 2021 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” This review discusses the impact of gender affirming hormone therapy on cardiovascular outcomes in transgender individuals and reports no new clinical results; the authors underscore the need for more comprehensive studies.
May 2026 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Early hair loss might indicate diabetes and heart risks, especially in those under 45.