May 2025 in “Acta Dermato Venereologica” This study found that individuals with hospital-treated alopecia areata in Denmark had increased standardized incidence rates of serious infections, herpes zoster infections, lymphoma, cardiovascular events, and death compared to the age- and sex-matched general population.
January 2018 in “Przegla̧d dermatologiczny” This research review discusses the potential link between androgenetic alopecia and increased cardiovascular risk but does not report any new experimental findings.
September 2023 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” This study found that the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, and axial spondyloarthritis who received Ixekizumab was low and stable over 3 to 5 years across 25 clinical trials.
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October 2025 in “Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine” This review examines AAS-related deaths and finds that anabolic-androgenic steroid abuse may lead to severe cardiac abnormalities, contributing to fatal arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death in young athletes and bodybuilders.
5 citations
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December 2021 in “Scientific Reports” In this study, researchers found that in mice, gonadal hormones and biological sex do not affect the expression of SARS-CoV-2 entry proteins ACE-2 and TMPRSS-2 in the respiratory tract, regardless of disease state.