February 2026 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” In this retrospective study, researchers found that while combination therapy of spironolactone and oral minoxidil for female alopecia commonly led to mild outpatient-manageable side effects, starting both medications simultaneously reduced hypertrichosis risk, but taking multiple blood pressure medications increased hypotensive symptoms.
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June 2015 in “Nature Reviews Urology” This article reviews the effects of various medications on male fertility, noting that while commonly used drugs can mostly have reversible impacts, conclusive human evidence remains limited.
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July 2023 in “F&S Reviews” This review highlights that various commonly prescribed medications for chronic conditions may impact male fertility by affecting hormone secretion, sperm production, ejaculation, erectile function, and libido, although conclusive evidence is limited to specific drug groups.
January 2024 in “Biology of sex differences” This animal study observed that dihydrotestosterone increased arterial stiffness and decreased estrogen receptor expression in female mice, potentially impacting cardiovascular health in contexts of androgen use.
January 2009 in “Side effects of drugs annual” This chapter reviews drugs affecting blood coagulation and details the increased hemorrhage risk associated with warfarin interactions, liver disease, heart failure, and antiphospholipid antibodies but reports no new clinical results.