May 2026 in “Journal of the Egyptian Womenʼs Dermatologic Society” This study found that patients with alopecia areata had significantly lower serum levels of autophagy-related protein 5, indicating a potential role of dysfunctional autophagy in the disease's pathogenesis.
2 citations
,
April 2017 in “Molecular Medicine Reports” In this study, blocking autophagy with 3-methyladenine significantly improved the survival of inner ear hair cells in a gentamicin-induced ototoxic mouse model.
June 2025 in “Theranostics” This study found that exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells primed with rapamycin significantly enhanced hair regrowth, hair density, and hair follicle development in depilation-induced mice compared to controls, suggesting a potential therapeutic approach for hair loss.
4 citations
,
December 2020 in “Journal of Dermatology” This study suggests that impaired autophagy may be a potential mechanism contributing to androgenetic alopecia, as observed in miniaturized hair follicles from balding scalps.
215 citations
,
March 2018 in “Archives of Toxicology” This study found that PM2.5 exposure induced oxidative stress in human keratinocytes and mouse skin, causing cellular damage, which was mitigated by the antioxidant N-acetyl cysteine.