Structural and Pigmentary Characteristics of the Skin in Hairless Dog Breeds

Hairless dog breeds have unique structural and pigmentary adaptations that compensate for their lack of a protective hair coat, maintaining body surface and core temperatures similar to coated dogs. Their thicker epidermis acts as a barrier against temperature extremes, while melanin aids in thermoregulation and antioxidant defense. The genetic basis of pigmentation involves complex interactions among multiple loci, and hairlessness is linked to mutations in the FOXI3 gene, affecting hair and other ectodermal structures. However, the American Hairless Terrier's hairlessness is due to a different genetic mechanism that does not impact teeth. These adaptations highlight the complex interplay between structure, pigment, and genetics in maintaining physiological balance in hairless breeds.