Primary Cutaneous Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma of the Scalp: A Case Report and Brief Review of the Literature
February 2026
in “
World Academy of Sciences Journal
”
TLDR Lymphoma should be considered in unusual scalp hair loss cases, as treatment can work but may lead to severe complications.
This case report details a rare instance of primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (PCDLBCL-NOS), on the scalp of a 45-year-old female, presenting with atypical alopecic lesions. The patient experienced localized hair loss with mild erythema and pruritus, and was diagnosed with stage IA(E) PCDLBCL-NOS after a biopsy and imaging. Treated with six cycles of R-CHOP chemotherapy, she initially achieved remission but later developed B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and succumbed to complications from severe neutropenic sepsis. This case emphasizes the need to consider lymphoma in atypical alopecic scalp lesions and highlights both the potential for treatment response and the risk of severe complications. Only five other cases of scalp PCDLBCL have been reported, all in males.