Phytochemical Analysis And Antibacterial Activities Of Avicennia Marina (Forssk.) Vierh. Extracts Against Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus Faecium

The study evaluated the antibacterial efficacy of ethanolic extracts from Avicennia marina leaves, roots, and fruits against Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREF). The agar well diffusion method showed that the leaf extract had an inhibitory zone of approximately 14.5 mm, while a 50% concentration of the leaf extract had a smaller effect with a 10.5 mm zone. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of flavonoids, phenolics, triterpenes, and glycosides in the extracts. Liquid chromatography ion trap mass spectrometry (LC-IT-MS) identified A. marina as a potential source of bioactive compounds with significant medicinal value.