Diagnosis and Management of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: Primary Care Perspective

    January 2026 in “ Scholars Journal of Medical Case Reports ”
    Ayesha Afroze, Dr Imran Mohammed
    TLDR PCOS management involves lifestyle changes, hormonal treatments, and medications to address symptoms and improve insulin sensitivity.
    Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder in young women characterized by symptoms such as irregular periods, hyperandrogenism, and insulin resistance, with potential complications including infertility and cardiovascular issues. The article provides a primary care approach to diagnosing PCOS using the Rotterdam criteria, which involves assessing symptoms, laboratory tests, and ultrasound, while excluding other conditions like thyroid dysfunction. For young women in their 20s with irregular menses and acne who are not seeking pregnancy, the recommended management includes lifestyle modifications, cyclical progesterone or low-androgen oral contraceptives for menstrual regulation, anti-androgens for acne and hirsutism, and metformin to improve insulin sensitivity. Treatment should be tailored to the patient's priorities, with referrals to specialists and preconception counseling advised for those considering future fertility.
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