Appraisal of Paclitaxel Pros and Cons in Cancer Management and Drug Repurposing Prospects

Paclitaxel (Taxol) is a potent anticancer drug effective against various cancers, including breast and ovarian cancer, by obstructing mitotic spindle formation and arresting the cell cycle at the G2/M phase. Despite its efficacy, it has notable side effects such as hair loss, numbness, and bone marrow suppression, and faces resistance mechanisms like P-glycoprotein efflux pumps. Combining paclitaxel with cisplatin improves survival rates in breast cancer patients. Recent studies suggest its potential in treating non-cancer diseases like COVID-19 and fibrosis. Future advancements may enhance its biosynthesis, reduce chemo-resistance, and improve targeted delivery, potentially expanding its therapeutic uses.