What’s New in Birt–Hogg–Dubé Syndrome?

The document reviews Birt–Hogg–Dubé syndrome (BHD), a rare genetic disorder that leads to the development of benign hair follicle tumors known as fibrofolliculomas, pneumothorax, and kidney cancer, with lung and kidney cysts believed to be responsible for the latter two conditions. The gene responsible for BHD encodes a protein called folliculin, whose function remains largely unknown, but recent evidence suggests it plays a significant role in cellular signaling, including hypoxia responses and growth pathways. Due to the unclear role of folliculin, the symptoms of BHD are not well understood, and treatments are still empirical. The authors of the review discuss the latest findings and their potential implications for understanding the pathogenesis and treatment of the skin manifestations associated with BHD.