TLDR Metformin lowers gremlin-1 and improves insulin resistance in women with PCOS.
The study investigated the effects of metformin on blood levels of gremlin-1 in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Sixty PCOS patients and 30 healthy controls were included. PCOS patients exhibited higher levels of gremlin-1, blood glucose, insulin, and HOMA-IR compared to controls. After taking metformin (850 mg twice daily), there was a significant reduction in gremlin-1 levels, body mass index, blood glucose, insulin, and HOMA-IR in PCOS patients. The findings suggest that metformin effectively decreases gremlin-1 and improves insulin resistance in women with PCOS.
June 2003 in “Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey” After chemotherapy for a gestational trophoblastic tumor, normal pregnancy rates are possible, but there's a slightly higher risk of the tumor reoccurring in future pregnancies.
June 2003 in “Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey” Postmenopausal ovary stromal cells have a unique makeup and limited steroid production, suggesting androgens come from the adrenal gland.
20 citations,
August 2022 in “Frontiers in Immunology” Fibroblasts are important in healing diabetic wounds, but high sugar levels can harm their function and slow down the healing process.
343 citations,
December 2008 in “Endocrine Reviews” Metformin helps with menstrual cycles and insulin levels in PCOS but is less effective for hair growth, diabetes prevention, and weight loss, and may improve fertility and reduce diabetes risk.
200 citations,
October 2009 in “European journal of endocrinology” Metformin helps manage polycystic ovary syndrome by improving insulin resistance and ovulation, but more research is needed on its full effects.
