Long-Term Morbidity of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) was associated with both immediate and long-term health issues, significantly affecting quality of life and incurring economic costs. Immediate issues included menstrual dysfunction, subfertility, infertility, and androgen excess-related conditions like hirsutism, acne, and androgenic alopecia. There was also an increased risk of obstetrical complications such as pregnancy-induced hypertension and gestational diabetes. Long-term complications included an increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, and potentially cardiovascular disease, as well as cancer.