August 2012 in “Open Repository and Bibliography (University of Liège)” This case report found that a dog's progressive alopecia and prostatitis were caused by ingesting a transdermal estradiol cream, emphasizing the need to identify exogenous estrogen sources during evaluation.
10 citations
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July 2015 in “Veterinary Dermatology” This study found that noninflammatory alopecia in dogs can be caused by exposure to estradiol gel used by their owners for postmenopausal symptoms, with hair regrowth observed after minimizing exposure.
25 citations
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September 1977 in “Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health” This study in female beagle dogs found that long-term exposure to oral contraceptive steroids resulted in significant reproductive and mammary gland changes, with the relevance to human tumor risk remaining uncertain.
34 citations
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March 2003 in “Veterinary Dermatology” This study found that in dogs with alopecia, certain steroid hormone levels were elevated, particularly progesterone, but not all hormone abnormalities were consistent across breeds, suggesting the need for breed-specific evaluation.
December 2018 in “Journal of Advances in VetBio Science and Techniques” This study described clinical manifestations such as alopecia and hyperpigmentation in male dogs with hypoandrogenism, suggesting a need for further research on these endocrinopathies in animals.
