Immunotherapy With Imiquimod in Cervical, Vaginal, and Vulvar Intraepithelial Lesions: A Review of the Literature

This review evaluates the use of Imiquimod, a topical immunomodulatory agent, for treating vaginal, cervical, and vulvar intraepithelial neoplasias (VAIN, CIN, and VIN), which are often linked to HPV infections and can progress to cancer. Imiquimod shows promise as a non-invasive treatment by stimulating the immune response to clear HPV-infected cells, with particular effectiveness in treating VIN and potential in CIN and VAIN management. It offers advantages over traditional treatments, such as being less invasive and preserving normal tissue, though common side effects include local inflammation and discomfort. The review concludes that while Imiquimod is a promising treatment option, further studies are needed to optimize its use, including determining the best treatment duration, dosing, and patient selection criteria.